Effects of Girdling and Leaf Removal on Fruit Set and Vegetative Growth in Grape
Effects of Girdling and Leaf Removal on Fruit Set and Vegetative Growth in Grape
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DOI：
10.5344/ajev.1998.49.4.359
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
H. Caspari;A. Lang;P. Alspach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Caspari;A. Lang;P. Alspach
碳水化合物供应对坐果和花序发育的影响，从开花到开花后三周，进行了研究，使用现场生长的长相思葡萄（葡萄属葡萄L.）。碳水化合物供应在个别芽操纵叶去除和隔离他们从父母藤使用蒸汽环带在其基地。将芽不环剥并且不去除叶子（对照）或环剥去除0、1、2、4、6、8、10或12片叶子。每片剩余叶片和节间的鲜重和干重被用作碳水化合物供应的指标。碳水化合物供应对生殖生长的影响进行了评估，通过记录的尺寸和新鲜和干重的轴和浆果。从花和浆果计数确定坐果百分比。坐果和营养生长分别以指数和线性方式响应碳水化合物供应的变化。碳水化合物供应增加的坐果率为55%，而对照组为33%。在去除10或12片叶的最苛刻处理中没有坐果。去除只有一个或两个基生叶大大减少坐果，虽然多达四个叶片被删除之前，干物质积累在基部的拍摄下降到类似的水平，在ungirdled控制。尽管有效碳水化合物明显增加，但坐果率的减少表明相邻基生叶对发育中的簇的重要性。在这个实验中实现的广泛的坐果，以及它们对碳水化合物供应的指数响应，表明碳水化合物是葡萄坐果的主要决定因素。此外，症状，如流产的分支的脊柱和类似的疾病早期束状茎坏死（EBSN）增加的水平的碳水化合物供应下降。这表明EBSN可能是由碳水化合物供应不足引起的，而不一定与氮营养或矿物质失衡问题有关。
The effect of the carbohydrate supply on fruit set and on the development of the inflorescence, from flowering to three weeks after flowering, was investigated using field-grown Sauvignon blanc grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Carbohydrate supply in individual shoots was manipulated by leaf removal and by isolating them from the parent vine using a steam girdle at their bases. Shoots were either not girdled and had no leaves removed (control) or girdled with 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 leaves removed. The fresh and dry weight of each remaining leaf and internode were used as indicators of carbohydrate supply. Effects of carbohydrate supply on reproductive growth were assessed by recording the dimensions and fresh and dry weights of the rachis and berries. Percentage fruit set was determined from flower and berry counts. Fruit set and vegetative growth responded in an exponential and linear manner, respectively, to changes in carbohydrate supply. Elevated carbohydrate supply increased fruit set to 55% compared with 33% in the controls. There was no fruit set in the harshest treatments which had 10 or 12 leaves removed. Removing only one or two basal leaves substantially reduced fruit set, although up to four leaves had to be removed before the dry matter accumulation in the basal part of the shoot declined to levels similar to those in the ungirdled control. The reduction in fruit set, despite an apparent increase in available carbohydrates, indicates the importance of the adjacent basal leaves to the developing cluster. The wide range of fruit sets achieved in this experiment, and their exponential responses to carbohydrate supply, indicate that carbohydrate is the major determinant of fruit set in grapes. Moreover, symptoms such as abortion of branches of the rachis and similar to those of the disorder early bunchstem necrosis (EBSN) increased as the level of carbohydrate supply declined. This indicates that EBSN can be caused by inadequate carbohydrate supply, and is not necessarily related to problems of nitrogen nutrition or of mineral imbalance.