COMPARISON OF COLIPHAGE AND BACTERIAL AEROSOLS AT A WASTEWATER SPRAY IRRIGATION SITE
COMPARISON OF COLIPHAGE AND BACTERIAL AEROSOLS AT A WASTEWATER SPRAY IRRIGATION SITE
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.43.1.28-38.1982
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
SMALL, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BAUSUM, HT;SCHAUB, SA;SMALL, MJ
在美国亚利桑那州的瓦丘卡堡的一个喷灌点测量了微生物气溶胶。土著细菌和示踪噬菌体采样氯化和未氯化的二级处理废水的喷雾在白天和夜间期间。气溶胶扩散和顺风迁移进行了测定。细菌和大肠杆菌噬菌体f2气溶胶采样使用安德森可行型叠筛和高容量静电除尘器采样器。细菌标准平板计数平均为2.4 × 104。10.5菌落形成单位/毫升。细菌气溶胶在下风向152米处达到500个细菌/立方米，在46米处达到10，500个细菌/立方米。接种的大肠杆菌噬菌体f2平均为4.0 ×105噬菌斑形成单位/毫升的流出物，并检测到563米顺风。顺风微生物气溶胶水平在夜间条件下有所增强。微生物气溶胶的中值空气动力学粒度约为5.0 μ m。氯化降低废水细菌水平99.97%，减少气溶胶浓度接近背景水平，大肠杆菌噬菌体f2减少只有95.4%的氯化污水，并很容易测量137米顺风。微生物源强度和气象数据与扩散模型结合使用，以生成不同采样器位置的气溶胶强度的数学预测。在下风向46-76 m范围内，气溶胶细菌（标准平板计数）的平均计算存活率为5.2%，大肠杆菌噬菌体f2为4.3%。
Microbiological aerosols were measured on a spray irrigation site at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, USA. Indigenous bacteria and tracer bacteriophage were sampled from sprays of chlorinated and unchlorinated secondary-treatment wastewaters during day and night periods. Aerosol dispersal and downwind migration were determined. Bacterial and coliphage f2 aerosols were sampled by using Andersen viable type stacked-sieve and high-volume electrostatic precipitator samplers. Bacterial standard plate counts averaged 2.4 .times. 10.5 colony-forming units/ml in unchlorinated effluents. Bacterial aerosols reached 500 bacteria/m3 at 152 m downwind and 10,500 bacteria/m3 at 46 m. Seeded coliphage f2 averaged 4.0 .times. 105 plaque-forming units/ml in the effluent and were detected 563 m downwind. Downwind microbial aerosol levels were somewhat enhanced by nighttime conditions. The median aerodynamic particle size of the microbial aerosols was approximately 5.0 .mu.m. Chlorination reduced wastewater bacterial levels 99.97% and reduced aerosol concentrations to near background levels; coliphage f2 was reduced only 95.4% in the chlorinated effluent and was readily measured 137 m downwind. Microbiological source strength and meteorological data were used in conjunction with a dispersion model to generate mathematical predictions of aerosol strength at various sampler locations. The mean calculated survival of aerosolized bacteria (standard plate count) in the range 46-76 m downwind was 5.2% and that of coliphage f2 was 4.3%.