Household and farm transitions in environmental context.
Household and farm transitions in environmental context.
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环境背景下的家庭和农场转型。
DOI：
10.1007/s11111-010-0118-9
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Gutmann,MyronP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leonard,SusanHautaniemi;Deane,GlennD;Gutmann,MyronP
最近关于人口、环境和土地利用的文献辩论质疑农业扩大化和集约化模式与农民的生命历程和农户的生命周期相对应的理论的适用性。本文将辩论扩展到美国大平原地区的农业发展，使用1875年至1930年的独特数据，将25个环境多样化的堪萨斯州乡镇的家庭与农场联系起来。多层统计模型的结果表明，考虑到当地环境条件和堪萨斯州定居和发展的时间趋势，农民的年龄、家庭规模和家庭结构同时与农场经营程度和土地利用强度相关。这些发现验证了农场和生命周期理论，并为包括女儿和儿子在内的农场发展的代际动机提供了支持。干旱的环境变化是农业结构的关键驱动因素。
Recent debate in the literature on population, environment, and land use questions the applicability of theory that patterns of farm extensification and intensification correspond to the life course of farmers and to the life cycle of farm families. This paper extends the debate to the agricultural development of the United States Great Plains region, using unique data from 1875 to 1930 that link families to farms over time in 25 environmentally diverse Kansas townships. Results of multilevel statistical modeling indicate that farmer’s age, household size, and household structure are simultaneously related to both the extent of farm operations and the intensity of land use, taking into account local environmental conditions and time trends as Kansas was settled and developed. These findings validate farm- and life cycle theories and offer support for intergenerational motivations for farm development that include both daughters and sons. Environmental variation in aridity was a key driver of farm structure.