The influence of market deregulation on fast food consumption and body mass index: a cross-national time series analysis
The influence of market deregulation on fast food consumption and body mass index: a cross-national time series analysis
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DOI：
10.2471/blt.13.120287
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gimeno, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Vogli, Roberto;Kouvonen, Anne;Gimeno, David
目的研究快餐消费对人群平均体重指数（BMI）的影响，探讨市场放松管制对快餐消费和BMI的可能影响。通过多变量面板回归模型，对1999年至2008年的经济运行和发展状况进行了分析，并对人均国内生产总值、城市化、贸易开放度、生活方式指标和其他协变量进行了调整。研究还分析了软饮料、动物脂肪和总热量的年人均摄入量对快餐消费量和BMI之间关系的可能中介作用。两阶段最小二乘回归模型进行，使用经济自由度作为工具变量，研究的因果关系影响的快餐消费对bim.Findings调整协变量后，每1个单位的人均年快餐交易量增加与年龄标准化BMI增加0. 033 kg/m2（95%置信区间，CI：0. 013 - 0. 052）。只有软饮料的摄入-而不是动物脂肪或总热量-介导了观察到的关联（β：0.030; 95% CI：0.010-0.050）。经济自由度是快餐消费的独立预测因子（beta：0.27; 95%CI：0.16-0.37）。当经济自由度作为一个工具变量，快餐和BMI之间的关联减弱，但仍然显着（β：0.023; 95%CI：0.001-0.045）。市场放松管制政策可能会促进快餐的传播，从而加剧肥胖症的流行。
Objective To investigate the effect of fast food consumption on mean population body mass index (BMI) and explore the possible influence of market deregulation on fast food consumption and BMI.Methods The within-country association between fast food consumption and BMI in 25 high-income member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development between 1999 and 2008 was explored through multivariate panel regression models, after adjustment for per capita gross domestic product, urbanization, trade openness, lifestyle indicators and other covariates. The possible mediating effect of annual per capita intake of soft drinks, animal fats and total calories on the association between fast food consumption and BMI was also analysed. Two-stage least squares regression models were conducted, using economic freedom as an instrumental variable, to study the causal effect of fast food consumption on BMI.Findings After adjustment for covariates, each 1-unit increase in annual fast food transactions per capita was associated with an increase of 0.033 kg/m(2) in age-standardized BMI (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.013-0.052). Only the intake of soft drinks - not animal fat or total calories - mediated the observed association (beta:0.030; 95% CI: 0.010-0.050). Economic freedom was an independent predictor of fast food consumption (beta:0.27; 95% CI: 0.16-0.37). When economic freedom was used as an instrumental variable, the association between fast food and BMI weakened but remained significant (beta:0.023; 95% CI: 0.001-0.045).Conclusion Fast food consumption is an independent predictor of mean BMI in high-income countries. Market deregulation policies may contribute to the obesity epidemic by facilitating the spread of fast food.