Emissions of volatile organic compounds and leaf structural characteristics of European aspen (Populus tremula) grown under elevated ozone and temperature
Emissions of volatile organic compounds and leaf structural characteristics of European aspen (Populus tremula) grown under elevated ozone and temperature
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DOI：
10.1093/treephys/tpp033
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Holopainen, Toini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartikainen, Kaisa;Nerg, Anne-Marja;Holopainen, Toini
北方森林树木面临着适应气候变化的挑战，包括全球变暖和对流层臭氧（O-3）浓度的增加。升高的O-3和温度都可能导致挥发性有机化合物（VOC）排放量以及叶片解剖结构的显著变化，这些变化可能与适应或增加胁迫耐受性有关，或者是损害的迹象。适度升高的O-3（1.3 x环境）和温度（环境+ 1摄氏度），单独和组合，对两种基因型（2.2和5.2）的欧洲白杨（杨tremula L.）的VOC排放和叶结构的影响。在2007年夏天的一次野外实验中进行了研究。O-3对测量变量的影响较小，但温度升高显着增加总单萜和绿色叶挥发物的排放量。还观察到对加温处理的反应的基因型差异。α-蒎烯排放，已被建议保护植物免受升高的温度，仅从基因型5.2增加。基因型2.2的异戊二烯排放量降低，而基因型5.2在高温下也能保持较高的异戊二烯排放水平。温度升高也导致叶片变薄，这与表皮、栅栏和海绵层变薄以及栅栏细胞面积减少有关。我们认为白杨基因型5.2比基因型2.2有更厚的光合活性栅栏层和更高的异戊二烯和α-蒎烯排放水平，对温度升高有更好的适应潜力。我们的研究结果表明，即使是温和的温度升高是有效的，足以引起显着的变化，这些白杨基因型的挥发性有机化合物的排放量和叶片结构，可能表明努力的树苗，以适应不断变化的气候。
Northern forest trees are challenged to adapt to changing climate, including global warming and increasing tropospheric ozone (O-3) concentrations. Both elevated O-3 and temperature can cause significant changes in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions as well as in leaf anatomy that can be related to adaptation or increased stress tolerance, or are signs of damage. Impacts of moderately elevated O-3 (1.3 x ambient) and temperature (ambient + 1 degrees C), alone and in combination, on VOC emissions and leaf structure of two genotypes (2.2 and 5.2) of European aspen (Populus tremula L.) were studied in an open-field experiment in summer 2007. The impact of O-3 on measured variables was minor, but elevated temperature significantly increased emissions of total monoterpenes and green leaf volatiles. Genotypic differences in the responses to warming treatment were also observed. a-Pinene emission, which has been suggested to protect plants from elevated temperature, increased from genotype 5.2 only. Isoprene emission from genotype 2.2 decreased, whereas genotype 5.2 was able to retain high isoprene emission level also under elevated temperature. Elevated temperature also caused formation of thinner leaves, which was related to thinning of epidermis, palisade and spongy layers as well as reduced area of palisade cells. We consider aspen genotype 5.2 to have better potential for adaptation to increasing temperature because of thicker photosynthetic active palisade layer and higher isoprene and a-pinene emission levels compared to genotype 2.2. Our results show that even a moderate elevation in temperature is efficient enough to cause notable changes in VOC emissions and leaf structure of these aspen genotypes, possibly indicating the effort of the saplings to adapt to changing climate.