MDMA and Metabolite Disposition in Expectorated Oral Fluid After Controlled Oral MDMA Administration
MDMA and Metabolite Disposition in Expectorated Oral Fluid After Controlled Oral MDMA Administration
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/ftd.0b013e3182281975
复制
发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Huestis, Marilyn A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes, Allan J.;Scheidweiler, Karl B.;Huestis, Marilyn A.
前言：在药物检测项目的影响下，3，4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺(MDMA)的使用越来越多，在临床、工作场所、疼痛管理和驾驶中对其检测的需求也越来越大。口服液是一种重要的药物检测基质，但对口服液中MDMA的检测窗口知之甚少。目的：研究MDMA受控给药后口服液中MDMA及其代谢物的分布特征。方法：29名有MDMA使用史的健康成人随机分成3组，分别给予安慰剂、低剂量(1.0 mg/kg)和高剂量(1.6 mg/kg)的MDMA。用气相色谱-质谱法对1,286例服药后7d内的咯痰标本进行了亚甲基二氧基安非他明、3，4-亚甲基二氧基苯丙胺、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙胺和4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯丙胺的分析。MDMA和丙二醛的定量限为5 ng/mL，HMA和HMMA的定量限为10 ng/mL。结果：MDMA是检测到的主要分析物，872份样品中MDMA的浓度>12,000 ng/mL，占67.8%。在浓度为403 ng/mL的656个样本(51.0%)中检测到了丙二醛，并且在没有同时存在MDMA的情况下从未出现过。未检测到HMA和HMMA。在样本中，59.8%、58.6%和54.9%的标本被发现MDMA在Talloire(20 ng/m L)、药物、酒精和药物(25 ng/m L)和美国物质滥用和精神卫生服务管理局(50 ng/m L)建议的确认界值下驾驶。MDMA在给药后0.25-1.25小时在口服液中首次检测到；丙二醛在0.5-1.75小时首次检测到。一般来说，MDMA和MDA的检测窗口分别为47和29小时，尽管少数标本的检测窗口长达71和47小时。结论：口腔液体监测可以有效地检测到单独的、娱乐的70-150 mg MDMA使用1-2天。这些受控给药数据为解释MDMA口服液试验结果提供了科学依据。
Introduction: The use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is increasing, enhancing the need for its detection in clinical, workplace, pain management, and driving under the influence of drugs testing programs. Oral fluid is an important alternative matrix for drug testing, but little is known about MDMA detection windows in oral fluid.Aims: The aim was to characterize MDMA and metabolite disposition in expectorated oral fluid after controlled MDMA administration.Methods: Placebo, low (1.0 mg/kg), and high (1.6 mg/kg) oral MDMA doses were given double-blind in random order in separate sessions to 29 healthy adults with histories of MDMA use. One thousand two hundred eighty-six expectorated oral fluid specimens collected up to 7 days after dosing were analyzed for MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA) by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The limits of quantification were 5 ng/mL for MDMA and MDA and 10 ng/mL for HMA and HMMA.Results: MDMA was the primary analyte detected, with concentrations up to 12,000 ng/mL in 872 specimens (67.8%). MDA was quantified in 656 specimens (51.0%) at concentrations,403 ng/mL and was never present without concurrent MDMA. HMA and HMMA were not detected. Of the specimens, 59.8%, 58.6%, and 54.9% were found to be MDMA positive at the Talloires (20 ng/mL), Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol, and Medicines (25 ng/mL) and proposed US Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (50 ng/mL) confirmation cutoffs, respectively. MDMA was first observed in oral fluid 0.25-1.25 hours after dosing; MDA was initially detected at 0.5-1.75 hours. In general, the windows of detection for MDMA and MDA were 47 and 29 hours, respectively, although a few specimens were positive up to 71 and 47 hours.Conclusions: Oral fluid monitoring efficiently detects single, recreational 70-150 mg of MDMA use for 1-2 days. These controlled administration data provide a scientific basis for interpreting MDMA oral fluid test results.