Impact of a drug-free program on broiler chicken growth performances, gut health, Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter jejuni occurrences at the farm level
Impact of a drug-free program on broiler chicken growth performances, gut health, Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter jejuni occurrences at the farm level
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DOI：
10.3382/ps/pev142
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Boulianne, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaucher, M-L.;Quessy, S.;Boulianne, M.
在家禽生产中使用抗菌剂作为饲料添加剂是一个公共卫生问题，因为抗菌剂耐药性的总体增加。虽然一些替代产品是商业上可获得的，但对它们对鸡群健康和生产力的潜在影响知之甚少。在加拿大魁北克的8个商业肉鸡养殖场进行了一项涉及155万只鸡的前瞻性研究，以评估用无药物计划取代抗生素生长促进剂和抗球虫药物的影响，包括改善育雏条件、抗球虫疫苗接种、精油基饲料添加剂和水酸化。各种生产力和健康参数进行了比较谷仓分配给常规和无药物的程序。监测畜牧业技术性能作为生产力标准。测量临床坏死性肠炎和亚临床肠炎发生率、窝仔和粪便含水量，并评价显微镜下肠道健康。产气荚膜梭菌和弯曲杆菌属。从农场访问期间收集的粪便样品中回收菌株。产气荚膜梭菌计数被用作家禽健康指标，弯曲杆菌的患病率也被记录。无药物计划与饲料转化率的显著增加和屠宰时平均活重和日增重的降低相关。在该项目中，还观察到坏死性肠炎爆发和亚临床肠炎病例的发生率增加，以及饲养期结束时窝仔含水量增加。两组之间的平均显微镜肠道病变评分和弯曲杆菌定植率无统计学差异，但无药物计划与较高的产气荚膜梭菌分离率相关。根据目前的研究设计，结果表明，抗生素生长促进剂和抗球虫药物的替代无药物程序影响各种肉鸡生产参数和产气荚膜梭菌携带水平。
The use of antimicrobial agents as feed additives in poultry production is a public health concern due to the overall increase in antimicrobial resistance. Although some alternative products are commercially available, little is known on their potential impact on flock health and productivity. A prospective study involving 1.55 million birds was conducted on eight commercial broiler farms in Quebec, Canada, to evaluate the impact of replacing antibiotic growth promoters and anticoccidial drugs by a drug-free program including improved brooding conditions, anticoccidial vaccination, essential oil-based feed additives, and water acidification. Various productivity and health parameters were compared between barns allocated to the conventional and the drug-free program. Zootechnical performances were monitored as productivity criteria. Clinical necrotic enteritis and subclinical enteritis occurrences, litter and fecal moistures content were measured, and microscopic gut health was evaluated. Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter spp. strains were recovered from fecal samples collected during farm visits. Clostridium perfringens counts were used as poultry health indicators and Campylobacter prevalence was noted as well. The drug-free program was associated with a significant increase in feed conversion ratio and a decrease in mean live weight at slaughter and in daily weight gain. An increased incidence of necrotic enteritis outbreaks and subclinical enteritis cases, as well as an increase in litter moisture content at the end of the rearing period were also observed for this program. Mean microscopic intestinal lesion scores and prevalence of Campylobacter colonization were not statistically different between the two groups but the drug-free program was associated with higher Clostridium perfringens isolation rates. According to the current study design, the results suggest that substitution of antibiotic growth promoters and anticoccidial drugs by a drug-free program impacts various broiler chicken production parameters and Clostridium perfringens carriage levels.