Pigeons show efficient visual search by category: Effects of typicality and practice
Pigeons show efficient visual search by category: Effects of typicality and practice
复制标题
鸽子按类别表现出高效的视觉搜索：典型性和实践的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2012.09.013
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohkita;M.;& Jitsumori;M
三项实验研究了鸽子的类别搜索，使用了通过人脸变形创建的人工类别。四只鸽子接受训练，在非成员中搜索类别成员，每个目标项目由项目特定组件和该类别的公共组件诊断组成。实验 1 发现同质干扰项的搜索比异质干扰项的搜索效率更高。在实验 2 中，鸽子成功地搜索到了具有新颖的项目特定组件的目标样本。包括这些项目的练习使鸽子能够有效地寻找高度熟悉的成员。在实验3中，高效搜索立即转移到更典型的新颖范例。通过进一步的练习，鸽子最终开发出了对个体不太典型范例的高效搜索。在视觉搜索理论和单个样本的自动处理的背景下讨论结果。
Three experiments investigated category search in pigeons, using an artificial category created by morphing of human faces. Four pigeons were trained to search for category members among nonmembers, with each target item consisting of an item-specific component and a common component diagnostic of the category. Experiment 1 found that search was more efficient with homogeneous than heterogeneous distractors. In Experiment 2, the pigeons successfully searched for target exemplars having novel item-specific components. Practice including these items enabled the pigeons to efficiently search for the highly familiar members. The efficient search transferred immediately to more typical novel exemplars in Experiment 3. With further practice, the pigeons eventually developed efficient search for individual less typical exemplars. Results are discussed in the context of visual search theories and automatic processing of individual exemplars.