Rotational Effects of Legumes and Non-Legumes on Hybrid Canola and Malting Barley
Rotational Effects of Legumes and Non-Legumes on Hybrid Canola and Malting Barley
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豆类和非豆类轮作对杂交双低油菜籽和啤酒大麦的影响
DOI：
10.2134/agronj14.0236
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Elwin G. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. O’Donovan;C. Grant;R. Blackshaw;K. Harker;Eric N. Johnson;Y. Gan;G. Lafond;W. May;T. Turkington;N. Lupwayi;F. C. Stevenson;D. Mclaren;M. Khakbazan;Elwin G. Smith
加拿大西部化肥的高成本引起了人们对替代氮源的兴趣。豆科植物通过固定产生氮，并可能增加土壤残留和可矿化氮，从而减少后续作物对肥料氮的需求。杂交油菜（Brassica napus L.）具有较高的氮需求，以获得最佳产量，但知识的旋转影响豆类油菜是有限的。研究了前茬豆类作物和非豆类作物对次年种植的油菜和啤酒大麦产量和品质的影响。在油菜籽之后生长的豌豆（Pisum sativum L.），扁豆（透镜culinaris Medik.），蚕豆（Vicia faba L.），油菜和小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）2009年在7个地点直接播种收获的谷物和作为绿色肥料种植的蚕豆。2010年播种油菜，2011年播种大麦，施氮量分别为0、30、60、90和120 kg ha-1。平均而言，所有豆类，除了蚕豆种子，产生更高的油菜和大麦产量比小麦是前一作物。蚕豆绿色肥料产量最高，而油菜籽上的油菜籽产量最低。豆类对菜籽油或大麦蛋白质浓度几乎没有负面影响。两种作物的产量都随着施氮量的增加而增加，但油菜籽油浓度下降，大麦蛋白质增加。结果表明，在杂交油菜之前种植豆类种子可以提高油菜和随后的大麦产量，而不会对油菜油或麦芽大麦蛋白产生负面影响。
High costs of fertilizer in western Canada have generated interest in alternative N sources. Legumes produce N through fixation, and may increase soil residual and mineralizable N, thus reducing the need for fertilizer N in subsequent crops. Hybrid canola (Brassica napus L.) has a high N requirement for optimum yield, but knowledge of rotational effects of legumes on canola is limited. The objective was to determine the effects of legume and non-legume preceding crops on yield and quality of canola grown the follow ing year and malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown after canola. Field pea ( Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), canola, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) harvested for grain, and faba bean grown as a green manure were direct-seeded at seven locations in 2009. Canola was seeded in 2010 and barley in 2011, with fertilizer N applied at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha –1 . On average, all legumes, except faba bean for seed, produced higher canola and barley yields than when wheat was the preceding crop. Faba bean green manure produced the highest yields, while canola on canola produced the lowest canola yield. The legumes had little negative effect on canola oil or barley protein concentration. Yields of both crops increased with increasing N rate, but canola oil concentration decreased, and barley protein increased. The results indicate that growing legumes for seed before hybrid canola can improve canola and subsequent barley yield without negatively affecting canola oil or malting barley protein.