Mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus with nitrogen-fixing trees:: A review
Mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus with nitrogen-fixing trees:: A review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2006.05.012
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发表时间：
2006-09-15
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vanclay, Jerome K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forrester, David I.;Bauhus, Juergen;Vanclay, Jerome K.
与桉树单作相比，具有固氮（N-2）物种的桉树混种人工林具有在保持土壤肥力的同时提高生产力的潜力。然而，很难预测将导致这些好处的物种和地点的组合。我们审查的过程和相互作用发生在混合人工林，物种或网站属性的影响，以帮助选择成功的物种和网站的组合。成功的混合，其中生产力增加的单一栽培，往往发展分层冠层，这样，较耐阴的物种超过更耐阴的物种。成功的混合物也有显着较高的速率比桉树单作N和P循环。因此，重要的是要选择N-2固定物种容易分解的凋落物和高速率的养分循环，以及高速率的N-2固定。虽然树木的N-2固定的动态还没有很好的理解，似乎桉树可以受益于固定N早在第一年或第二年后建立人工林。对18项已发表研究的荟萃分析显示，几项试验中混合物的产量显著（P < 0.001）高于单作，并且没有混合物的产量低于单作的情况。这些数据的回归分析比相对产量指数更翔实，在对比四个或更多不同物种组成的试验中更翔实。因此，替换系列检查组成100：0，67：33，33：67，和0：100比最低限度的100：0，50：50和0：100系列更有信息量。(c)2006 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus with a nitrogen (N-2) fixing species have the potential to increase productivity while maintaining soil fertility, compared to Eucalyptus monocultures. However, it is difficult to predict combinations of species and sites that will lead to these benefits. We review the processes and interactions occurring in mixed plantations, and the influence of species or site attributes, to aid the selection of successful combinations of species and sites. Successful mixtures, where productivity is increased over that of monocultures, have often developed stratified canopies, such that the less shade-tolerant species overtops the more shade-tolerant species. Successful mixtures also have significantly higher rates of N and P cycling than Eucalyptus monocultures. It is therefore important to select N-2-fixing species with readily decomposable litter and high rates of nutrient cycling, as well as high rates of N-2-fixation. While the dynamics of N-2-fixation in tree stands are not well understood, it appears as though eucalypts can benefit from fixed N as early as the first or second year following plantation establishment. A meta-analysis of 18 published studies revealed several trials in which mixtures were significantly (P < 0.001) more productive than monocultures, and no instances in which mixtures were less productive than monocultures. Regression analyses of such data were more informative than indices of relative yield, and were more informative in trials that contrasted four or more different species compositions. Thus replacement series examining compositions of 100:0, 67:33, 33:67, and 0: 100 were more informative than minimalist 100:0, 50:50 and 0: 100 series. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.