Depression reported by US adults in 2017-2018 and March and April 2020
Depression reported by US adults in 2017-2018 and March and April 2020
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.065
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Robinson, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daly, Michael;Sutin, Angelina R.;Robinson, Eric
背景：冠状病毒病2019年(新冠肺炎)以及相关的社交距离和封锁限制预计将对心理健康产生重大和持久的影响。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估美国新冠肺炎大流行之前和期间的抑郁水平。方法：在两项具有全国代表性的美国成年人调查中，我们使用患者健康问卷-2(PHQ-2)简短筛查工具来检测可能的抑郁症。2017-2018年全国健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)对5075名成年人进行了大流行前抑郁水平的评估。结果：美国成年人抑郁症的比例从2017-2018年的8.7%(95%CI[7.6%-9.8%])显著增加到2020年3月的10.6%(95%CI[9.6%-11.6%])和2020年4月的14.4%(95%CI[13.1%-15.7%])。除了65岁以上的人群和黑人参与者外，所有被检查的人口亚组的抑郁水平在统计上都有显著增加。年轻人(18-34岁)经历了13.4个百分点(95%可信区间[9.5%-17.2%])的抑郁显著增加，高于其他任何年龄段。对2007/2008-2017/2018年间NHANES中抑郁趋势的进一步分析表明，2020年4月抑郁人数的大幅增加不太可能是典型的年度差异造成的。结论：我们的发现表明，在新冠肺炎大流行期间，抑郁水平大幅上升，并强化了最近的研究结果，即年轻人可能特别容易受到大流行的心理健康影响。
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the associated social distancing and lockdown restrictions are expected to have substantial and enduring mental health effects. In this study, we aimed to assess depression levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.Methods: We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) brief screening instrument to detect probable depression in two nationally representative surveys of US adults. Pre-pandemic levels of depression were assessed in a sample of 5,075 adults from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depression was assessed in March (N = 6,819) and April 2020 (N = 5,428) in the Understanding America Study, a representative sample of the US population.Results: The percentage of US adults with depression increased significantly from 8.7% (95% CI[7.6%-9.8%]) in 2017-2018 to 10.6% (95% CI[9.6%-11.6%) in March 2020 and 14.4% (95% CI[13.1%-15.7%]) in April 2020. Statistically significant increases in depression levels were observed for all population subgroups examined with the exception of those aged 65+ years and Black participants. Young adults (aged 18-34) experienced a marked increase in depression of 13.4 percentage points (95% CI [9.5%-17.2%]) that was larger than any other age group. Additional analyses of depression trends in NHANES from 2007/2008-2017/2018 showed that the substantial increase in depression in April 2020 was unlikely to be due to typical year-to-year variation.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that depression levels have risen substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic and reinforce recent findings indicating that young adults may be particularly vulnerable to the mental health effects of the pandemic.