Long-distance dispersal syndromes matter: diaspore-trait effect on shaping plant distribution across the Canary Islands
Long-distance dispersal syndromes matter: diaspore-trait effect on shaping plant distribution across the Canary Islands
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DOI：
10.1111/ecog.02624
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Vargas, Pablo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arjona, Yurena;Nogales, Manuel;Vargas, Pablo
海洋岛屿从海底冒出来，没有生命，被漫长的海洋与大陆隔开。因此，所有的物种都必须克服这种严格的扩散过滤器，使这些岛屿成为研究远距离扩散（LDD）的理想系统。长期以来，人们已经确定植物到达新岛屿的能力是由它们分散体的特定特征决定的，历史上称为分散综合征。然而，最近的工作质疑这种与分散有关的特征在多大程度上有效地影响岛屿之间的植物分布。在这里，我们评估了具有与LDD相关的传播综合征的植物——即风性（有利于风传播的结构）、海性（海洋传播）、内源性（动物内部传播）和外源性（动物外部传播）综合征——是否比那些具有非特化扩散综合征的植物占据更多的岛屿，因为它们的传播能力增强。我们关注加那利群岛低地干性群落的原生植物群（531种）和物种的群岛分布。我们控制了几个可能影响LDD综合征在岛屿间殖民化中的作用的关键因素，即：岛屿地球动力学历史、殖民化时间和物种之间的系统发育关系。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，携带LDD综合征的物种比具有非特化障碍的物种分布更广泛。特别是，在加那利群岛上，具有内源性、外源性和海源性一水囊特性的物种比具有非特化和风源性一水囊的物种分布得更广。所有这些发现都有力地支持了这样一种观点，即与加拉帕戈斯群岛和亚速尔群岛等其他群岛相比，LDD综合征在塑造加那利群岛岛屿间植物分布方面具有更大的重要性。
Oceanic islands emerge lifeless from the seafloor and are separated from continents by long stretches of sea. Consequently, all their species had to overcome this stringent dispersal filter, making these islands ideal systems to study the biogeographic implications of long-distance dispersal (LDD). It has long been established that the capacity of plants to reach new islands is determined by specific traits of their diaspores, historically called dispersal syndromes. However, recent work has questioned to what extent such dispersal-related traits effectively influence plant distribution between islands. Here we evaluated whether plants bearing dispersal syndromes related to LDD - i.e. anemochorous (structures that favour wind dispersal), thalassochorous (sea dispersal), endozoochorous (internal animal dispersal) and epizoochorous (external animal dispersal) syndromes - occupy a greater number of islands than those with unspecialized diaspores by virtue of their increased dispersal ability. We focused on the native flora of the lowland xeric communities of the Canary Islands (531 species) and on the archipelago distribution of the species. We controlled for several key factors likely to affect the role of LDD syndromes in inter-island colonization, namely: island geodynamic history, colonization time and phylogenetic relationships among species. Our results clearly show that species bearing LDD syndromes have a wider distribution than species with unspecialized diaspores. In particular, species with endozoochorous, epizoochorous and thalassochorous diaspore traits have significantly wider distributions across the Canary archipelago than species with unspecialized and anemochorous diaspores. All these findings offer strong support for a greater importance of LDD syndromes on shaping inter-island plant distribution in the Canary Islands than in some other archipelagos, such as Galapagos and Azores.