The ontogeny of regulatory control of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart and how this is influenced by chronic hypoxia exposure
The ontogeny of regulatory control of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart and how this is influenced by chronic hypoxia exposure
复制标题
虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）心脏调节控制的个体发育以及慢性缺氧暴露对其的影响
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.054825
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
P. Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. C. Miller;T. Gillis;P. Wright
摘要 鲑鱼胚胎在冷水中发育相对较长的时间。有趣的是，在一些筑巢地点（redds），缺氧情况相对常见。本研究的目的是确定虹鳟生命早期阶段心脏调节的个体发育，以及慢性缺氧对其的影响。在常氧（100% O2 饱和度）或缺氧（30% O2 饱和度）条件下饲养的个体中，测量从受精到胚胎期 22、26 和 29 以及幼虫期 30 和 32 期的心率对胆碱能和肾上腺素能受体刺激或抑制的反应。胚胎期22，并在该阶段后随着拮抗剂普萘洛尔的作用而降低。胆碱能刺激（乙酰胆碱）在所有阶段均无效，但阿托品（乙酰胆碱拮抗剂）可增加幼虫第 32 阶段的心率。这表明心脏 β-肾上腺素能受体在生命早期阶段具有功能，而胆碱能受体直到孵化后才产生反应。总的来说，胚胎在心跳阶段后就具有心脏加速控制机制，而心脏抑制控制直到孵化后才发挥作用。慢性缺氧会引发心动过缓，增加胚胎和幼虫对肾上腺素能刺激的反应，并延迟幼虫胆碱能控制的开始。因此，在非运动阶段，慢性低氧条件下的生存可能取决于改变心脏个体发育程序以满足发育中的鱼的生理需求的能力。
SUMMARY Salmonid embryos develop in cool waters over relatively long periods of time. Interestingly, hypoxic conditions have been found to be relatively common in some nesting sites (redds). The goals of this study were to determine the ontogeny of cardiac regulation in rainbow trout early life stages and how this is influenced by chronic hypoxia. The heart rate response to cholinergic and adrenergic receptor stimulation or inhibition was measured in individuals reared in normoxic (100% O2 saturation) or hypoxic (30% O2 saturation) conditions from fertilization to embryonic stages 22, 26 and 29, and larval stages 30 and 32. In normoxia, heart rate increased in response to β-adrenergic receptor stimulation (isoproterenol) as early as embryonic stage 22, and decreased with the antagonist propranolol after this stage. Cholinergic stimulation (acetylcholine) was ineffective at all stages, but atropine (acetylcholine antagonist) increased heart rate at larval stage 32. This demonstrates that cardiac β-adrenergic receptors are functional at early life stages, while cholinergic receptors are not responsive until after hatching. Collectively, embryos had cardio-acceleration control mechanisms in place just after the heartbeat stage, while cardio-inhibitory control was not functional until after hatching. Chronic hypoxia exposure triggered bradycardia, increased the response to adrenergic stimulation in embryos and larvae, and delayed the onset of cholinergic control in larvae. In non-motile stages, therefore, survival in chronic low oxygen may depend on the ability to alter the cardiac ontogenic program to meet the physiological requirements of the developing fish.
小鼠心脏中腺苷酸环化酶和β肾上腺素能受体的发育。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen,FC;Yamamura,HI;Roeske,WR
通讯作者：
Roeske,WR