The gut microbiome: a new frontier for alcohol investigation.
The gut microbiome: a new frontier for alcohol investigation.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.12732
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发表时间：
2015-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cresci GA
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文献类型：
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作者：
Cresci GA
饮酒在美国很常见，据报道，18 岁及以上的成年人中有 52% 经常饮酒，定义为过去一年至少喝过 12 杯酒 (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/alcohol.htm)。据报道，大约 7.2% 的成年人（> 18 岁）和一半的青少年（12-17 岁）患有酒精使用障碍，其中 15% 的青少年饮酒者估计会酗酒。(http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AlcoholFacts&Stats/AlcoholFacts&Stats.htm)虽然成年人适度饮酒与健康益处相关，例如降低饮酒风险心脏病及其相关死亡率、缺血性中风和糖尿病，大量饮酒是病理性的，与发病率和死亡率增加以及更高的经济负担有关。(http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AlcoholFacts&Stats/AlcoholFacts&Stats.htm) 由于肠道血液供应通过门静脉直接流向肝脏，因此在非酒精性和酒精性肝病中都实现了肠道和肝脏之间的联系。尽管肝脏被认为是乙醇代谢的主要场所，但肝外器官也可以代谢乙醇，包括肠道和肠道微生物群。 Hartmann 等人 (2015) 的文章特别及时，因为它回顾了迄今为止有关肠道微生物组与相关酒精性肝病之间相互影响的证据的文献。
Alcohol consumption is common in the United States, where 52% of adults aged 18 and over are reported to be regular drinkers, defined as consuming at least 12 drinks in the past year (http://www. cdc. gov/nchs/fastats/alcohol. htm). Approximately 7.2% of adults (> 18 years) and half as many youth (12–17 years) are reported to have an alcohol use disorder, in which 15% of youth drinkers are estimated to engage in binge drinking.(http://pubs. niaaa. nih. gov/publications/AlcoholFacts&Stats/AlcoholFacts&Stats. htm)While moderate alcohol consumption in adults is linked with health benefits such as decreased risk of heart disease and its related mortality, ischemic stroke and diabetes, heavy alcohol consumption is pathological and associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as higher economic burden.(http://pubs. niaaa. nih. gov/publications/AlcoholFacts&Stats/AlcoholFacts&Stats. htm) As intestinal blood supply flows directly to the liver via the portal vein, links between the intestine and liver have been realized with both non-alcoholic and alcoholic associated liver disease. Although the liver is considered the primary site for ethanol metabolism, extrahepatic organs are also equipped to metabolize ethanol, including the intestine and the gut microbiota. The article by Hartmann et al (2015) is particularly timely as it reviews the literature to date surrounding evidence of the crosstalk between the gut microbiome and associated alcoholic liver disease.