Demonstration of an Electrochemical Liquid Cell for Operando Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of the Lithiation/Delithiation Behavior of Si Nanowire Battery Anodes
Demonstration of an Electrochemical Liquid Cell for Operando Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of the Lithiation/Delithiation Behavior of Si Nanowire Battery Anodes
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DOI：
10.1021/nl403402q
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Wang, Chong-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu, Meng;Parent, Lucas R.;Wang, Chong-Min
在过去的几年里，使用开放单元结构的锂离子电池的原位透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究帮助我们实时地获得了电极材料的结构和化学演变的基本见解。在标准的开放电池配置中，电解液要么是固体锂氧化物，要么是与电极点接触的离子液体。这种电池设计本质上不同于真正的电池，在真正的电池中，液体电解液与电极材料形成保形接触。从开放电池中学到的知识可能与实际电池有很大的偏差，这就需要采用共形液体电解液接触的OPANDO电子显微镜技术。在本文中，我们开发了一种OPERANDO TEM电化学液体电池来满足这一需求，提供了真实电池和相关液体电解液的配置。为了演示这一新技术，我们研究了单根硅纳米线的锂/脱硫化行为。用液池测量的一些硅的锂/脱氢行为与开池研究的结果是一致的。然而，我们也发现了与开放电池构型不同的新见解，即电解质的动力学，以及未来可能对固体电解质界面层形成以及结构和化学演化的定量表征。
Over the past few years, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies of lithium ion batteries using an open-cell configuration have helped us to gain fundamental insights into the structural and chemical evolution of the electrode materials in real time. In the standard open-cell configuration, the electrolyte is either solid lithium oxide or an ionic liquid, which is point-contacted with the electrode. This cell design is inherently different from a real battery, where liquid electrolyte forms conformal contact with electrode materials. The knowledge learnt from open cells can deviate significantly from the real battery, calling for operando TEM technique with conformal liquid electrolyte contact. In this paper, we developed an operando TEM electrochemical liquid cell to meet this need, providing the configuration of a real battery and in a relevant liquid electrolyte. To demonstrate this novel technique, we studied the lithiation/delithiation behavior of single Si nanowires. Some of lithiation/delithation behaviors of Si obtained using the liquid cell are consistent with the results from the open-cell studies. However, we also discovered new insights different from the open cell configuration the dynamics of the electrolyte and, potentially, a future quantitative characterization of the solid electrolyte interphase layer formation and structural and chemical evolution.