DIFFRACTION IN TIME
DIFFRACTION IN TIME
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时间衍射
DOI：
10.1103/physrev.88.625
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发表时间：
1952
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Moshinsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Moshinsky
在前面的笔记中给出了共振散射的动力学描述，并且在描述这一过程的波函数中出现了瞬态项。为了理解这些术语的物理意义，本文讨论了打开百叶窗时出现的瞬态效应。对于非相对论性粒子束，瞬态电流与菲涅耳衍射中的光强度具有密切的数学相似性。这就是把瞬态现象称为时间衍射的原因。讨论了波函数满足Schr\ odinger方程、普通波方程和Klein-Gordon方程的粒子的快门问题。只有在薛定谔时相关方程中，瞬态波函数才类似于出现在索默菲尔德衍射理论中的解。简要讨论了瞬态现象与时间-能量不确定关系的联系，以及对散射过程中瞬态电流的解释。快门问题的相对论波函数在相对论散射过程的动力学描述中起着重要的作用。
In a previous note a dynamical description of resonance scattering was given, and transient terms appeared in the wave function describing the process. To understand the physical significance of these terms, the transient effects that appear when a shutter is opened are discussed in this paper. For a nonrelativistic beam of particles, the transient current has a close mathematical resemblance with the intensity of light in the Fresnel diffraction by a straight edge. This is the reason for calling the transient phenomena by the name of diffraction in time.The shutter problem is discussed for particles whose wave functions satisfy the Schr\"odinger equation, the ordinary wave equation, and the Klein-Gordon equation. Only for the Schr\"odinger time-dependent equation do the transient wave functions resemble the solutions that appear in Sommerfeld's theory of diffraction. The connection of transient phenomena with the time-energy uncertainty relation, and the interpretation of the transient current in a scattering process, are briefly discussed. The relativistic wave functions for the shutter problem may play an important role in the dynamical description of a relativistic scattering process.