Differential Susceptibilities of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from the Americas to Zika Virus.
Differential Susceptibilities of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from the Americas to Zika Virus.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0004543
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Failloux AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chouin-Carneiro T;Vega-Rua A;Vazeille M;Yebakima A;Girod R;Goindin D;Dupont-Rouzeyrol M;Lourenço-de-Oliveira R;Failloux AB
自2007年在雅普岛爆发重大疫情以来，引起登革热样综合征的寨卡病毒（ZIKV）已影响南太平洋地区的多个岛屿。2015年5月，该病毒在巴西被发现，随后在南美洲和中美洲蔓延。2015年12月，ZIKV在法属圭亚那和马提尼克岛被发现。本研究的目的是评估蚊种的媒介能力。来自加勒比海（马提尼克岛，瓜德罗普）、北美洲（美国南部）、南美洲（巴西，法属圭亚那）的埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊，用于2014年4月在新喀里多尼亚从患者分离的ZIKV的当前流行的亚洲基因型。蚊子经口暴露于ZIKV的亚洲基因型（NC-2014-5132）。暴露后，将饱食的蚊子保持在28°±1°C、16小时：8小时光照：黑暗循环和80%湿度下。在感染后4、7和14天（dpi）处理25-30只蚊子。分析了苔藓体（胸部和腹部）、头部和唾液，以分别测量感染、传播和传播。感染率高，但较低的播散性感染和传播率观察到的两个Ae。埃及伊蚊和埃及伊蚊。白纹伊蚊AE.来自瓜德罗普和法属圭亚那的埃及人群体表现出比其他埃及人更高的ZIKV传播。埃及人口进行了检查。在14 dpi时在两种蚊子物种中观察到ZIKV的传播，但处于低水平。这项研究表明，虽然易受感染，Ae。埃及伊蚊和埃及伊蚊。白纹伊蚊是ZIKV的意想不到的低感受态载体。这可能表明，其他因素，如ZIKV的大量未感染人群和叮咬人类的蚊子的高密度，导致了ZIKV在当前疫情期间的快速传播。寨卡病毒（ZIKV）是一种由蚊子传播的虫媒病毒，可引起登革热样症状。这种病毒通常在非洲和亚洲发现。自2007年在密克罗尼西亚的雅普岛出现以来，ZIKV于2013年在南太平洋地区重新出现，并最终于2015年到达美洲大陆。咬人的埃及伊蚊和不太嗜人的白纹伊蚊已被认为是ZIKV的媒介。我们的研究表明，美国的Ae.埃及伊蚊和埃及伊蚊。白纹伊蚊能够在感染后（dpi）的早期（4，7）在蚊子体腔内感染和传播ZIKV。然而，透射率出乎意料地低，仅在14 dpi时检测到。我们的研究结果将有助于设计更适应的病媒控制策略，并限制美洲新出现的威胁对人类健康的影响，就像2014年的基孔肯雅热一样。
Since the major outbreak in 2007 in the Yap Island, Zika virus (ZIKV) causing dengue-like syndromes has affected multiple islands of the South Pacific region. In May 2015, the virus was detected in Brazil and then spread through South and Central America. In December 2015, ZIKV was detected in French Guiana and Martinique. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vector competence of the mosquito spp. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from the Caribbean (Martinique, Guadeloupe), North America (southern United States), South America (Brazil, French Guiana) for the currently circulating Asian genotype of ZIKV isolated from a patient in April 2014 in New Caledonia. Mosquitoes were orally exposed to an Asian genotype of ZIKV (NC-2014-5132). Upon exposure, engorged mosquitoes were maintained at 28°±1°C, a 16h:8h light:dark cycle and 80% humidity. 25–30 mosquitoes were processed at 4, 7 and 14 days post-infection (dpi). Mosquito bodies (thorax and abdomen), heads and saliva were analyzed to measure infection, dissemination and transmission, respectively. High infection but lower disseminated infection and transmission rates were observed for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Ae. aegypti populations from Guadeloupe and French Guiana exhibited a higher dissemination of ZIKV than the other Ae. aegypti populations examined. Transmission of ZIKV was observed in both mosquito species at 14 dpi but at a low level. This study suggests that although susceptible to infection, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were unexpectedly low competent vectors for ZIKV. This may suggest that other factors such as the large naïve population for ZIKV and the high densities of human-biting mosquitoes contribute to the rapid spread of ZIKV during the current outbreak. Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne arbovirus causing dengue-like symptoms. This virus was commonly detected in Africa and Asia. Since its emergence in Yap Island in Micronesia in 2007, ZIKV reemerged in the South Pacific region in 2013 and ultimately reached the American continent in 2015. The human biting mosquito Aedes aegypti and the less anthropophilic Aedes albopictus have been incriminated as vectors of ZIKV. Our study showed that American populations of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were able to become infected and disseminate ZIKV within the mosquito general cavity at early days (4, 7) post-infection (dpi). Nevertheless, transmission was unexpectedly low and only detected at 14 dpi. Our findings will help in designing more adapted vector control strategies and limiting the impact of a new emerging threat on human health in the Americas as did the chikungunya in 2014.