The life history of Spirorchis elegans Stunkard 1923 Trematoda: Spirorchiidae from the painted turtle.
The life history of Spirorchis elegans Stunkard 1923 Trematoda: Spirorchiidae from the painted turtle.
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线虫螺旋虫的生活史 Stunkard 1923 吸虫纲：来自锦龟的螺旋虫科。
DOI：
10.2307/3275175
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发表时间：
1960
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
D. Kirk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. G. Goodchild;D. Kirk
1862年，利尔德描述了一种来自英国“可食用龟”的血吸虫——大腹龟，此后，螺甲科的龟血吸虫就因其新奇性和对人类重要吸虫——血吸虫的认识有所贡献而吸引了人们的注意。在Leared的报告之后，在接下来的60年里，对螺旋体科新种的零星和经常不完整的描述继续存在。斯图卡德（1923）首次提出了该科的学术综述，并描述了四个新种。在接下来的12年里，美国（Stunkard, 1926a, 1926b, 1928; MacCallum, 1926; Price, 1934; and Luhman, 1935）、欧洲（Ejsmont, 1927）和印度（Mehra, 1933, 1934; Thapar, 1933；和Sinha， 1934）的工作者描述了新物种，将其他物种归为同属，并在属之间混淆，通常是在证据不足的基础上。Byrd（1939）恢复了混乱局面的秩序，在对科的审查中，当时存在的17个属中只有8个是有效的；他还描述了9个新物种。四个生命史已经在实验室实验中完成。第一个是Spirorchis parvus (Stunkard, 1923)，来自于Wall（1939, 1940, 1941）的画龟。Wall （1941 - 1b）后来确定了S. elephantis （Cort, 1917）的生命周期，也是来自于彩龟。1951年，他描述了软壳龟的Vasotrema robustum （Stunkard, 1928）循环。Pieper（1953）的第四个周期是S. artericola (Ward, 1921)，也来自于彩绘龟。本文描述了1923年的秀丽隐杆螺旋体（Spirorchis elegans Stunkard）的生活史，该生活史最初描述于伊利诺伊州秀丽隐杆线虫（Pseudemys elegans Weid）的两个标本。在佐治亚州迪卡尔布县旧迪凯特水库收集的蜗牛中脱落的尾蚴初步鉴定为螺旋体尾蚴；随后的实验室研究证明，这些幼虫侵入海龟体内，成为线虫的成虫。在迪凯特水库捕获的彩龟（Chrysemnys picta picta (Schneider)），其血管系统中有成年秀丽线虫，组织中有卵。正是这些卵被用来在实验室饲养的蜗牛中建立实验性感染。
Since 1862, when Leared described a blood fluke, Distomum constrictum, from the "edible turtle" of England, turtle blood flukes of the family Spirorchiidae have attracted attention by their novelty and by their promise of contributing to knowledge of important flukes of man, the schistosomes. After Leared's report, sporadic and often incomplete accounts of new species of Spirorchiidae continued for the next 60 years. Stunkard (1923) presented the first scholarly review of the family and described four new species. During the next 12 years workers in America (Stunkard, 1926a, 1926b, 1928; MacCallum, 1926; Price, 1934; and Luhman, 1935), in Europe (Ejsmont, 1927), and in India (Mehra, 1933, 1934; Thapar, 1933; and Sinha, 1934) described new species, reduced others to synonomy, and juggled others between genera, often on the basis of insufficient evidence. Byrd (1939) restored order to a confused situation, and in a review of the family recognized only 8 valid genera of the 17 then extant; he also described 9 new species. Four life histories have been completed experimentally in the laboratory. The first was that of Spirorchis parvus (Stunkard, 1923) from the painted turtle by Wall (1939, 1940, 1941a). Wall (1941b) later determined the cycle of S. elephantis (Cort, 1917) also from the painted turtle. In 1951 he described the cycle of Vasotrema robustum (Stunkard, 1928) from the soft-shell turtle. The fourth cycle, by Pieper (1953), was that of S. artericola (Ward, 1921) also from painted turtles. The present paper depicts the life history of Spirorchis elegans Stunkard, 1923, described originally from two specimens taken from Pseudemys elegans Weid from Illinois. Cercariae shed from snails collected at the old Decatur reservoir, DeKalb County, Georgia, were tentatively identified as spirorchiid cercariae; subsequent laboratory studies proved that these larvae penetrated turtles and became adult worms referable to the species S. elegans. Painted turtles, Chrysemnys picta picta (Schneider), also captured at the Decatur reservoir, had adult S. elegans in the vascular system and eggs in the tissues. It was these eggs which were used to establish the experimental infections in laboratory raised snails.