Is task persistence related to smoking and substance abuse? The application of learned industriousness theory to addictive behaviors
Is task persistence related to smoking and substance abuse? The application of learned industriousness theory to addictive behaviors
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DOI：
10.1037/1064-1297.4.2.186
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Copeland, AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quinn, EP;Brandon, TH;Copeland, AL
R. Eisenberger（1992）的习得性勤奋理论指出，个体表现出不同程度的坚持取决于他们对坚持、努力行为的强化历史。这些差异可能会影响成瘾行为的发展、维持和停止。持久性低的个体可能特别容易被药物的即时强化所吸引。药物使用可能构成对低持久性的进一步训练。这些人也可能无法坚持戒烟所需的行为。因此，药物使用者应该比非使用者表现出更低的持久性。在这一假设的初步测试中，吸烟者（n = 52）在两项行为任务上的持久性低于不吸烟者（n = 57）。此外，药物和酒精滥用与持久性呈负相关。如果未来的研究支持习得性勤奋在成瘾行为中的作用，那么可能的预防和治疗方法就会随之而来。
R. Eisenberger's (1992) learned industriousness theory states that individuals display differing degrees of persistence depending on their history of reinforcement for persistent, effortful behavior. These differences may influence the development, maintenance, and cessation of addictive behaviors. Individuals with low persistence may especially be attracted to the immediate reinforcement of drugs. Drug use may constitute further training in low persistence. These individuals may also fail to persist in behaviors needed for cessation. Therefore, substance users should display lower persistence than nonusers. In an initial test of this hypothesis, cigarette smokers (n = 52) were found to be less persistent than nonsmokers (n = 57) on 2 behavioral tasks. Moreover, drug and alcohol abuse was inversely related to persistence. If future research supports a role of learned industriousness in addictive behaviors, possible approaches toward prevention and treatment would follow.