The Problem of Old Chemical Weapons Which Contain “Mustard Gas” or Organoarsenic Compounds: An Overview
The Problem of Old Chemical Weapons Which Contain “Mustard Gas” or Organoarsenic Compounds: An Overview
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含有“芥子气”或有机砷化合物的旧化学武器问题：概述
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-015-9115-7_1
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Manley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Manley
近年来，俄罗斯联邦大量化学武器储存的处置问题得到了广泛宣传。40，000吨）和美利坚合众国（约。31，000吨）。虽然以安全和环境可接受的方式处置这些大量武器储存非常重要，但它往往掩盖了同样重要的问题，即处置散布在世界各地的大量陈旧和遗弃的化学武器。虽然与俄罗斯和美国的库存不同，这些旧化学武器一般不再构成任何重大的军事威胁，但它们仍可能对所在地区的人民和环境构成潜在威胁。本文件试图概述这些旧的和/或遗弃的化学武器所造成的问题以及与回收和安全处置这些武器有关的实际问题。特别强调与含有稠化或聚合的”芥子气”和/或有机砷的旧化学武器有关的问题，因为这些化学武器已被证明构成一些最困难的处置问题。这些问题中的一些更详细的例子提供了在文件中的其他作者遵循这一介绍性的概述。
In recent years considerable publicity has been given to the problem of disposing of the large stockpiles of chemical weapons held by the Russian Federation (ca. 40,000 tonnes) and the United States of America (ca. 31,000 tonnes). Whilst the disposal of these large stockpiles of weapons in a safe and environmentally acceptable manner is of great importance, it has nevertheless tended to overshadow the equally important problem of disposing of the large numbers of old and abandoned chemical weapons scattered throughout the world. Whilst, unlike the Russian and US stockpiles, these old chemical weapons generally no longer pose any significant military threat, they may still pose a potential threat to the people and the environment in the areas where they are located. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the problem posed by these old and/or abandoned chemical weapons and the practicalities associated with their recovery and safe disposal. Particular emphasis is placed on the problems associated with old chemical weapons containing either thickened or polymerised" mustard gas" and/or organic arsenicals, as these have been shown to pose some of the most difficult disposal problems. More detailed examples of some of these problems are provided in the papers by other authors which follow this introductory overview.