Cloning of an endangered species (Bos gaurus) using interspecies nuclear transfer.
Cloning of an endangered species (Bos gaurus) using interspecies nuclear transfer.
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DOI：
10.1089/152045500436104
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Damiani, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lanza, R P;Cibelli, J B;Damiani, P
每天大约有100个物种灭绝。尽管利用克隆技术拯救濒危物种的兴趣越来越大，但成功的种间核移植以前还没有被描述过，只有少数体外胚胎形成的报道。在这里，我们表明，种间核移植可以用来克隆一个濒危物种正常的核型和表型发育，通过植入和胎儿生长的后期阶段。将来自野牛公牛（Bos gaurus）（一种濒临灭绝的大型野牛）（物种生存计划< 100只动物）的体细胞与来自家养奶牛的去核卵母细胞电融合。12%的重构卵母细胞发育到囊胚阶段，18%的胚胎在转移到代孕母亲时发育到胎儿阶段。其中3只胎仔在妊娠第46至54天被选择性取出，2只继续妊娠分别超过180天（正在进行中）和200天。微卫星标记和细胞遗传学分析证实，克隆动物的核基因组是gaurus起源。高尔核被证明指导正常的胎儿发育，分化成复杂的组织和器官，即使在所有组织类型的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的评估是完全来自受体牛卵母细胞。这些结果表明，体细胞克隆方法可以用来恢复濒危，甚至灭绝，物种和种群。
Approximately 100 species become extinct a day. Despite increasing interest in using cloning to rescue endangered species, successful interspecies nuclear transfer has not been previously described, and only a few reports of in vitro embryo formation exist. Here we show that interspecies nuclear transfer can be used to clone an endangered species with normal karyotypic and phenotypic development through implantation and the late stages of fetal growth. Somatic cells from a gaur bull (Bos gaurus), a large wild ox on the verge of extinction, (Species Survival Plan < 100 animals) were electrofused with enucleated oocytes from domestic cows. Twelve percent of the reconstructed oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage, and 18% of these embryos developed to the fetal stage when transferred to surrogate mothers. Three of the fetuses were electively removed at days 46 to 54 of gestation, and two continued gestation longer than 180 (ongoing) and 200 days, respectively. Microsatellite marker and cytogenetic analyses confirmed that the nuclear genome of the cloned animals was gaurus in origin. The gaur nuclei were shown to direct normal fetal development, with differentiation into complex tissue and organs, even though the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within all the tissue types evaluated was derived exclusively from the recipient bovine oocytes. These results suggest that somatic cell cloning methods could be used to restore endangered, or even extinct, species and populations.