Bromoform and dibromomethane measurements in the seacoast region of New Hampshire, 2002–2004
Bromoform and dibromomethane measurements in the seacoast region of New Hampshire, 2002–2004
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2002-2004 年新罕布什尔州海岸地区三溴甲烷和二溴甲烷测量
DOI：
10.1029/2007jd009103
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Sive
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yong Zhou;H. Mao;R. Russo;Donald R. Blake;O. Wingenter;K. Haase;L. Jesse;Ambrose;R. Varner;R. Talbot;B. Sive
[1]在两个地点进行了溴仿(CHBr3)和二溴甲烷(CH2Br2)的大气测量，这两个地点是：新罕布夏州达勒姆的汤普森农场(Tf)(2002-2004年夏季)和缅因州阿普普罗尔岛(AI)(2004年夏季)。CHBr3在两个地点的混合比率经常升高，Tf和AI的最大值分别为37.9ppu/万亿(PPTV)和47.4PPTV。CHBr3和CH2Br2在Tf的平均混合比分别为5.3-6.3和1.3-2.3 pptv。2004年期间，人工智能的两种气体的平均混合比率较高，这与人工智能接近这些溴碳源的情况一致。大气中强烈的负垂直梯度证实了这些气体在地表的局部来源。在AI，CHBr3和CH2Br2的混合比随着风速的增加而增加，这是通过从过饱和沿海向海到空气的转移实现的。2004年8月10日至14日，在热带风暴Bonnie过境期间，两个地点的CHBr3和CH2Br2都有较大的增强。在此期间，CHBr3和CH2Br2的通量分别为5 2.4±2 1.0和9.1±3.1nmolm−2 h−1。CHBr3和CH2Br2在非事件期间的平均通量分别为18.9±12.3和2.6±1.9nmolm−2 h−1。此外，CHBr3和CH2Br2被用作海洋示踪剂用于案例研究，以(1)评估热带风暴对沿海地区海洋衍生气体排放和分布的影响，以及(2)表征美国东北部污染期间的气团输送。
[1] Atmospheric measurements of bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2) were conducted at two sites, Thompson Farm (TF) in Durham, New Hampshire (summer 2002–2004), and Appledore Island (AI), Maine (summer 2004). Elevated mixing ratios of CHBr3 were frequently observed at both sites, with maxima of 37.9 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) and 47.4 pptv for TF and AI, respectively. Average mixing ratios of CHBr3 and CH2Br2 at TF for all three summers ranged from 5.3–6.3 and 1.3–2.3 pptv, respectively. The average mixing ratios of both gases were higher at AI during 2004, consistent with AI's proximity to sources of these bromocarbons. Strong negative vertical gradients in the atmosphere corroborated local sources of these gases at the surface. At AI, CHBr3 and CH2Br2 mixing ratios increased with wind speed via sea-to-air transfer from supersaturated coastal waters. Large enhancements of CHBr3 and CH2Br2 were observed at both sites from 10 to 14 August 2004, coinciding with the passage of Tropical Storm Bonnie. During this period, fluxes of CHBr3 and CH2Br2 were 52.4 ± 21.0 and 9.1 ± 3.1 nmol m−2 h−1, respectively. The average fluxes of CHBr3 and CH2Br2 during nonevent periods were 18.9 ± 12.3 and 2.6 ± 1.9 nmol m−2 h−1, respectively. Additionally, CHBr3 and CH2Br2 were used as marine tracers in case studies to (1) evaluate the impact of tropical storms on emissions and distributions of marine-derived gases in the coastal region and (2) characterize the transport of air masses during pollution episodes in the northeastern United States.