A modular design for the MOSAIC AO real-time control system

A modular design for the MOSAIC AO real-time control system
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MOSAIC AO实时控制系统的模块化设计

DOI:
10.1117/12.2313193
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
E. Younger
E. Younger
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Basden;D. Jenkins;T. Morris;J. Osborn;M. Townson;E. Younger

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拟议的 ELT MOSAIC 第一代仪器是一种利用 MOAO 和 GLAO 组合系统的多目标光谱仪。除了 ELT M4 反射镜之外,MOSAIC 还配有 8 个独立的波前传感器(4 个 LGS 和 4 个 NGS)和 10 个独立的可变形反射镜,是实时控制中最具挑战性的 ELT 仪器之一,总共使用约 65,000 个斜率测量值来控制约 26,000 个执行器,帧速率为 250 Hz LGS。提出了与 MOSAIC 一起使用的实时控制系统的模块化设计。它基于 Durham AO 实时控制器 (DARC),并使用 12 个 Intel Xeon Phi 节点(6U 机架空间,负载下约 2.5 kW)以获得所需的性能。我们描述了在达勒姆进行的原型设计活动,包括 AO 系统延迟和抖动的估计。提出了设计挑战以及用于克服这些挑战的技术。描述了完整的模块化架构,包括系统接口、控制和配置中间件、遥测子系统和硬实时核心管道。我们设计的好处之一是能够同时测试不同的 AO 控制算法,这为自动优化 AO 系统性能提供了重要机会。我们讨论了这个概念,并提出了一种用于机器学习的人工神经网络解决方案,可用于随着时间的推移自动提高 MOSAIC 性能。讨论了可以通过这种方式优化的算法,包括像素校准和处理技术、波前斜率测量例程、波前重建技术和相关参数,以及时间滤波方法,包括振动控制。介绍了实时控制系统的硬件设计,包括网络架构概述、计算节点之间的互连以及同时处理所有 8 个波前传感器的所有像素的方法。
The proposed MOSAIC first-generation instrument for the ELT is a multi-object spectrograph utilising a combined MOAO and GLAO system. With 8 separate wavefront sensors (4 LGS and 4 NGS), and 10 separate deformable mirrors, in addition to the ELT M4 mirror, MOSAIC represents one of the most challenging ELT instruments for real-time control, using a total of approximately 65,000 slope measurements to control approximately 26,000 actuators with a 250 Hz LGS frame rate. The proposed modular design of real-time control system to be used with MOSAIC is presented. This is based on the Durham AO Real-time Controller (DARC), and uses 12x Intel Xeon Phi nodes (6U rack space, approx 2.5 kW under load) to obtain the required performance. We describe the prototyping activities performed at Durham, including estimates of AO system latency and jitter. The design challenges are presented, along with the techniques used to overcome these. The full modular architecture is described, including the system interfaces, control and configuration middleware, telemetry subsystem, and the hard real-time core pipeline. One benefit of our design is the ability to simultaneously test different AO control algorithms, which represents a significant opportunity for automatic optimisation of AO system performance. We discuss this concept, and present an artificial neural network solution for machine learning, which can be used to automatically improve MOSAIC performance with time. Algorithms that can be optimised in this way are discussed, include pixel calibration and processing techniques, wavefront slope measurement routines, wavefront reconstruction techniques and associated parameters, and temporal filtering methods, including vibration control. The hardware design for the real-time control system is presented, including an overview of the network architecture, the interconnections between computational nodes, and the method by which all pixels from all 8 wavefront sensors are processed concurrently.
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