Initiation rules for planar, two-joint arm movements: agonist selection for movements throughout the work space.
Initiation rules for planar, two-joint arm movements: agonist selection for movements throughout the work space.
复制标题
平面、两关节手臂运动的启动规则：整个工作空间运动的激动剂选择。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1991.66.5.1579
复制
发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hasan,Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karst,GM;Hasan,Z
1.我们提出的问题如下：在给定手臂指向运动的初始和最终位置的情况下，中枢神经系统采用什么规则来决定激活哪些肩部和肘部肌肉（“激动剂”）来启动运动？2.广泛变化的初始和最终位置被使用，使运动研究涵盖了水平面内的大部分可达的工作空间。对于每个运动，每个关节处的初始肌电图（EMG）活动根据“体征”进行定性分类，即，屈肌或伸肌的活动，并定量地在积分的整流EMG。3.在每个关节的初始肌肉活动的迹象被认为是相关的角度偏移在两个关节在运动到最终位置。4.两种不同的假设规则，来自以前提出的多关节肢体运动控制策略，进行了测试，他们的能力，正确预测的迹象，在每个关节的初始肌肉活动。虽然需要四个变量来描述两节臂的初始和最终位置，但这四个变量中只有两个组合与测试规则相关。两个位置变量是最终尖端位置相对于初始前臂方向（psi）和初始肘部角度（θ Einit）的空间方向。5.根据测试的规则之一，这是基于静力学，在每个关节的初始肌肉活动应该是这样的肢体的远端尖端施加初始力的方向上的最终尖端位置。我们的数据有关的迹象，最初的肩部肌肉活动显然违背了这一规则，在两个不同的地区（psi，θ Einit）平面。6.根据基于动力学的另一个测试规则，每个关节处的初始肌肉活动应使得远端头端的初始加速度处于最终头端位置的方向。这些数据与一定范围psi的初始肩部肌肉活动的预测迹象相矛盾。这表明，即使在定性上，肌肉的激活也不总是适合直线路径。此外，在肢体远端连接1.8 kg质量的试验中，没有观察到该规则预测的附加惯性载荷的影响。（400字处截断摘要）
1. The question we addressed was the following: what rules does the CNS employ, given the initial and final positions of the arm for a pointing movement, to decide which shoulder and elbow muscles ("agonists") to activate for initiating movement? 2. Widely varying initial and final positions were used, so that the movements studied encompassed much of the reachable work space within the horizontal plane. For each movement, the initial electromyographic (EMG) activity at each joint was classified qualitatively in terms of the “sign,” i.e., flexor or extensor muscle activity, and quantitatively in terms of the integral of the rectified EMG. 3. The sign of initial muscle activity at each joint was found to be related to the angular excursions at both joints during movement to the final position. 4. Two different hypothesized rules, derived from previously proposed strategies for control of multijoint limb movements, were tested for their ability to predict correctly the sign of initial muscle activity at each joint. Although four variables are needed to describe the initial and final positions of a two-segment arm, only two combinations of these four were relevant for testing the rules. The two positional variables were the spatial direction of the final tip position with respect to the initial forearm orientation (psi) and the initial elbow angle (theta Einit). 5. According to one of the rules tested, which was based on statics, the initial muscle activity at each joint should be such that the distal tip of the limb exerts an initial force in the direction of the final tip position. Our data concerning the sign of initial shoulder muscle activity clearly contradicted this rule in two distinct regions of the (psi, theta Einit) plane. 6. According to the other rule tested, which was based on dynamics, the initial muscle activity at each joint should be such that the initial acceleration of the distal tip is in the direction of the final tip position. The data contradicted the predicted sign of initial shoulder muscle activity for a certain range of psi. This shows that the activation of muscles is not always appropriate even qualitatively for a straight-line path. Furthermore, the effects of added inertial loads predicted by this rule were not observed for trials in which a 1.8-kg mass was attached to the distal portion of the limb.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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参考运动控制研究的肌电图时间量化
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Walter
通讯作者：
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多关节指向运动中的关节控制策略和手部轨迹。
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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