Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Disrupts Infant Neural Markers of Orienting.
Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Disrupts Infant Neural Markers of Orienting.
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产前接触尼古丁会扰乱婴儿定向神经标记。
DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntx177
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Grewen,Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
King,Erin;Campbell,Alana;Belger,Aysenil;Grewen,Karen
母体吸烟导致的产前尼古丁暴露（PNE）与发育缺陷有关，包括听觉处理、语言、广义智力、注意力和睡眠受损。胎儿大脑在怀孕期间经历了大量的生长、组织和连接，使其特别容易受到神经毒性的损害。尼古丁与尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体结合，尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体广泛参与神经回路和神经递质系统的生长、连接和功能发育。因此，PNE可能对神经行为发育有长期影响。本研究的目的是比较有PNE和没有PNE的婴儿的听觉k复合体，听觉k复合体是一种反映听觉门控、睡眠保存和睡眠中记忆巩固的事件相关电位，并将这些神经相关因素与神经行为发育联系起来。我们比较了3到5个月大的婴儿在第二阶段睡眠中对听觉配对点击范式的大脑反应，这是k复合体最容易观察到的阶段。我们测量了k -络合物的分量振幅和δ活度。结果与未暴露的婴儿相比，患有PNE的婴儿表现出明显较小的N550分量振幅和诱发的k复合物内的δ带功率降低，并且在清醒时不太可能转向新的听觉刺激（铃声）。结论spne可能损害听觉感觉门控，这可能导致睡眠中断，听觉辨别和学习能力下降，注意力重新定向，和/或觉醒时的觉醒。PNE与降低的k复波振幅和δ功率之间的联系可能代表了胆碱能和gaba能突触编程的改变，并可能反映了PNE相关的睡眠质量和听觉处理中断的早期神经基础。这些可能会对语言习得、注意力和社会互动造成严重的不利影响，而这些是学业和社会成功所必需的。
IntroductionPrenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) from maternal cigarette smoking is linked to developmental deficits, including impaired auditory processing, language, generalized intelligence, attention, and sleep. Fetal brain undergoes massive growth, organization, and connectivity during gestation, making it particularly vulnerable to neurotoxic insult. Nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are extensively involved in growth, connectivity, and function of developing neural circuitry and neurotransmitter systems. Thus, PNE may have long-term impact on neurobehavioral development. The purpose of this study was to compare the auditory K-complex, an event-related potential reflective of auditory gating, sleep preservation and memory consolidation during sleep, in infants with and without PNE and to relate these neural correlates to neurobehavioral development.MethodsWe compared brain responses to an auditory paired-click paradigm in 3- to 5-month-old infants during Stage 2 sleep, when the K-complex is best observed. We measured component amplitude and delta activity during the K-complex.ResultsInfants with PNE demonstrated significantly smaller amplitude of the N550 component and reduced delta-band power within elicited K-complexes compared to nonexposed infants and also were less likely to orient with a head turn to a novel auditory stimulus (bell ring) when awake.ConclusionsPNE may impair auditory sensory gating, which may contribute to disrupted sleep and to reduced auditory discrimination and learning, attention re-orienting, and/or arousal during wakefulness reported in other studies.ImplicationsLinks between PNE and reduced K-complex amplitude and delta power may represent altered cholinergic and GABAergic synaptic programming and possibly reflect early neural bases for PNE-linked disruptions in sleep quality and auditory processing. These may pose significant disadvantage for language acquisition, attention, and social interaction necessary for academic and social success.