Appetitive and Defensive Motivation: Goal-Directed or Goal-Determined?
Appetitive and Defensive Motivation: Goal-Directed or Goal-Determined?
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DOI：
10.1177/1754073913477511
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bradley, Margaret M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lang, Peter J.;Bradley, Margaret M.
我们的观点是，基本的食欲和防御性动机系统的进化是为了调节一系列复杂的适应性行为，这些行为支持有机体的生存动力，即抵御威胁和保护资源。这些动机系统的激活参与了促进注意力分配、信息摄取、交感神经唤醒的过程，并根据上下文，促使战术行动，这些行动可以指向或远离战略目标，无论是防御性的还是欲望性的。从我们的实验室，测量自主，中央，和躯体反应时，处理情绪场景的研究表明，动机相关的线索，无论是食欲或防御，优先捕获注意力，提示增强知觉处理和信息收集，和场合代谢唤醒，动员生物体应对行动。
Our view is that fundamental appetitive and defensive motivation systems evolved to mediate a complex array of adaptive behaviors that support the organism's drive to survivedefending against threat and securing resources. Activation of these motive systems engages processes that facilitate attention allocation, information intake, sympathetic arousal, and, depending on context, will prompt tactical actions that can be directed either toward or away from the strategic goal, whether defensively or appetitively determined. Research from our laboratory that measures autonomic, central, and somatic reactions when processing emotional scenes is described which indicates that motivationally relevant cues, whether appetitive or defensive, capture attention preferentially, prompt enhanced perceptual processing and information gathering, and occasion metabolic arousal that mobilizes the organism for coping actions.