Natural aerosol direct and indirect radiative effects
Natural aerosol direct and indirect radiative effects
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DOI：
10.1002/grl.50441
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
A. Rap;C. Scott;D. Spracklen;N. Bellouin;P. Forster;K. Carslaw;A. Schmidt;G. Mann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Rap;C. Scott;D. Spracklen;N. Bellouin;P. Forster;K. Carslaw;A. Schmidt;G. Mann
由于天然气溶胶能够改变地球的辐射平衡，它在地球系统中扮演着重要的角色。在这里，我们使用全球气溶胶微物理模型和辐射传输模型来估计当今大气中五种天然气溶胶来源的辐射效应：二甲基硫化物(DMS)、海盐、火山、单萜烯和野火。我们计算了大的全球年平均气溶胶直接和云反照率效应，特别是DMS来源的硫酸盐(分别为-0.23Wm-2和-0.76Wm-2)、火山硫酸盐(-0.21Wm-2和-0.61Wm-2)和海盐(-0.44Wm-2和-0.04Wm-2)。云反照率效应对发射源强度的变化做出非线性响应。自然源的辐射效率和间接辐射效应比与直接辐射效应比有明显的差异。贡献大量小颗粒(二甲基硫和硫酸盐火山)的气溶胶来源在影响单位气溶胶质量负荷的云反照率方面非常有效。
Natural aerosol plays a significant role in the Earth's system due to its ability to alter the radiative balance of the Earth. Here we use a global aerosol microphysics model together with a radiative transfer model to estimate radiative effects for five natural aerosol sources in the present‐day atmosphere: dimethyl sulfide (DMS), sea‐salt, volcanoes, monoterpenes, and wildfires. We calculate large annual global mean aerosol direct and cloud albedo effects especially for DMS‐derived sulfate (–0.23 Wm–2 and –0.76 Wm–2, respectively), volcanic sulfate (–0.21 Wm–2 and –0.61 Wm–2) and sea‐salt (–0.44 Wm–2 and –0.04 Wm–2). The cloud albedo effect responds nonlinearly to changes in emission source strengths. The natural sources have both markedly different radiative efficiencies and indirect/direct radiative effect ratios. Aerosol sources that contribute a large number of small particles (DMS‐derived and volcanic sulfate) are highly effective at influencing cloud albedo per unit of aerosol mass burden.