Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Wetlands in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 1976 to 2019
Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Wetlands in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 1976 to 2019
复制标题
1976 - 2019年粤港澳大湾区湿地时空动态
DOI：
10.3390/land11122158
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发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Kai Liu;Jingjing Cao;Min Lu;Qian Li;Haojian Deng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kai Liu;Jingjing Cao;Min Lu;Qian Li;Haojian Deng
湿地生态系统具有丰富的自然资源和重要的生态功能，研究湿地的时空演变特征及其驱动因素对湿地的管理和保护至关重要。利用多源遥感数据（DISP KH-9、Landsat和高分一号），结合基于地物的分类方法和景观入侵指数，探讨1976 - 2019年粤港澳大湾区湿地的时空动态，进一步分析影响湿地时空演变的驱动力。结果表明：(1)1976 - 2019年大湾区湿地总面积呈现先增加后稳定的趋势；(2)水产养殖的快速发展导致养殖池塘和近海养殖持续增加，并在中后期呈平缓变化，红树林面积在2000年之前大幅减少，此后逐渐恢复，各类湿地被建成地入侵的数量不断增加，湿地破碎化趋势日益明显。(3)大湾区湿地变化是自然因素和人类活动共同作用的结果。环境条件是湿地动态的基础，而人口、社会经济和政策是湿地演变的重要驱动力。研究结果有助于了解大湾区近40年来湿地的动态变化，为湿地的科学管理和可持续发展提供参考。
Wetland ecosystems contain rich natural resources and vital ecological functions, and the investigation of spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of wetlands and their driving factors is critical for the management and conservation of wetlands. This study aimed to explore the spatial and temporal dynamics of wetlands in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 1976 to 2019 using multi-source remote sensing data (DISP KH-9, Landsat, and GaoFen-1), combing with the object-based classification method and landscape invasion index, and further analyze the driving forces affecting the spatial and temporal evolution of wetlands. The results showed that: (1) The total area of wetlands in the GBA showed a trend to first increase and then stabilize from 1976 to 2019. (2) The rapid development of aquaculture led to a continuous increase in aquaculture ponds and offshore aquaculture and a flat change in the middle and late stages, the area of mangroves declined substantially before 2000 and has gradually recovered since then, the invasion of various types of wetlands by built-up land is increasing, and wetlands are becoming increasingly fragmented. (3) The wetland changes in the GBA are the result of a combination of natural factors and human activities. Environmental conditions represent the basis for wetland dynamics, while the population, socio-economics, and policies are important drivers of wetland evolution. The findings will be beneficial to the understanding of wetland dynamic changes in the GBA over the past 40 years, and helpful to the scientific management and sustainable development of wetlands.