Label-Free Chemically and Molecularly Selective Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Label-Free Chemically and Molecularly Selective Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
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DOI：
10.1021/cbmi.3c00019
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发表时间：
2023-05-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mao, Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wu, Tianhe;Liu, Claire;Thamizhchelvan, Anbu Mozhi;Fleischer, Candace;Peng, Xingui;Liu, Guanshu;Mao, Hui
生物医学成像，特别是分子成像，在过去二十年中一直是科学发现、技术创新和精准医学的驱动力。虽然化学生物学在开发分子成像探针和示踪剂方面取得了重大进展和发现，但将这些外源性药物转化为精准医学的临床应用是一个重大挑战。在临床上接受的成像方式中，磁共振成像 (MRI) 和磁共振波谱 (MRS) 是最有效、最强大的生物医学成像工具。 MRI 和 MRS 均可实现广泛的化学、生物和临床应用，从确定生化分析中的分子结构到许多疾病的成像诊断和表征以及图像引导干预措施。利用特定内源性代谢物和天然 MRI 对比增强生物分子的化学、生物和核磁共振特性，可以在生物医学研究和各种疾病患者的临床管理中实现 MRI 的无标记分子和细胞成像。本文概述了几种无标记化学和分子选择性 MRI 和 MRS 方法的化学和生物学基础，这些方法已应用于成像生物标志物发现、临床前研究和图像引导临床管理。提供的示例展示了使用内源探针报告生命系统（包括患者）中的分子、代谢、生理和功能事件和过程的策略。讨论了无标记分子 MRI 的未来前景及其挑战以及潜在的解决方案，包括使用合理设计和工程方法来开发化学和生物成像探针，以促进或与无标记分子 MRI 相结合。
Biomedical imaging, especially molecular imaging, has been a driving force in scientific discovery, technological innovation, and precision medicine in the past two decades. While substantial advances and discoveries in chemical biology have been made to develop molecular imaging probes and tracers, translating these exogenous agents to clinical application in precision medicine is a major challenge. Among the clinically accepted imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) exemplify the most effective and robust biomedical imaging tools. Both MRI and MRS enable a broad range of chemical, biological and clinical applications from determining molecular structures in biochemical analysis to imaging diagnosis and characterization of many diseases and image-guided interventions. Using chemical, biological, and nuclear magnetic resonance properties of specific endogenous metabolites and native MRI contrast-enhancing biomolecules, label-free molecular and cellular imaging with MRI can be achieved in biomedical research and clinical management of patients with various diseases. This review article outlines the chemical and biological bases of several label-free chemically and molecularly selective MRI and MRS methods that have been applied in imaging biomarker discovery, preclinical investigation, and image-guided clinical management. Examples are provided to demonstrate strategies for using endogenous probes to report the molecular, metabolic, physiological, and functional events and processes in living systems, including patients. Future perspectives on label-free molecular MRI and its challenges as well as potential solutions, including the use of rational design and engineered approaches to develop chemical and biological imaging probes to facilitate or combine with label-free molecular MRI, are discussed.