Firm Productivity and Importing: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms
Firm Productivity and Importing: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms
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DOI：
10.1111/caje.12226
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Elliott;Liza Jabbour;Liyun Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Elliott;Liza Jabbour;Liyun Zhang
本文以2002年至2006年的中国企业为样本，对企业生产率与进口之间的关系进行了多方面的研究，并对进口产品的来源、种类、技能和技术含量进行了区分。采用随机效应概率单位模型和差异中的差异匹配倾向得分（PSMDID）方法，并在我们的全要素生产率（TFP）（De Loecker 2007）测量中将进口视为内生的，我们检验了自我选择和边做边学假设。我们的研究结果表明，进口和生产率之间的双向因果关系的证据。虽然进口公司在进入进口市场之前往往生产率较高，但一旦开始，进口公司在进入后长达两年的时间里生产率都有显著提高。我们还发现了决定进口后的学习效应的证据，当进口启动者从高收入经济体采购产品时，这种效应更强，进口产品种类更广，进口产品具有更高的技能和技术含量。一些稳健性检验证实了进口对TFP增长的学习效应。
This paper investigates various aspects of the relationship between firm productivity and importing for a large sample of Chinese firms between 2002 and 2006 making a distinction between the origin, variety, skill and technology content of imports. Employing a random effects probit model and a propensity score matching with difference-in-differences (PSMDID) approach and treating imports as endogenous in our measure of total factor productivity (TFP) (De Loecker 2007), we test the self-selection and learning-by-doing hypotheses. Our results show evidence of a bi-directional causal relationship between importing and productivity. Although importing firms tend to be more productive before entering the import market, once they start importing firms experience significant productivity gains for up to two years following entry. We also find evidence of learning effects following the decision to import, which is stronger when import starters source their products from high-income economies, import a wider variety of products and import products with a higher skill and technology content. A number of robustness checks confirm the learning effects of importing on TFP growth.