Maternal Marijuana Exposure and Birth Weight: An Observational Study Surrounding Recreational Marijuana Legalization
Maternal Marijuana Exposure and Birth Weight: An Observational Study Surrounding Recreational Marijuana Legalization
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母亲吸食大麻与出生体重：围绕休闲大麻合法化的观察性研究
DOI：
10.1055/s-0039-1694793
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
B. Pflugeisen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Straub;J. Mou;K. Drennan;B. Pflugeisen
摘要目的本研究旨在通过在华盛顿州大麻合法化与合法娱乐销售间隔20个月之前、期间和之后建立的自然队列，研究产前大麻与婴儿出生体重之间的关系。研究设计在5年多的时间里，5343名孕妇在Tacoma综合医院或Good Samaritan医院接受了尿液药物筛查（UDS）。提取基于娱乐性大麻合法化前（T1）、期间（T2）和之后（T3）及可获得性建立的三个分娩队列的产妇医疗数据。建立了单变量和多变量模型来研究大麻暴露对婴儿出生体重的影响。结果大麻暴露增加低出生体重风险（LBW；优势比[OR] = 1.42, 95%可信区间[CI]: 1.01-2.01）。这在足月婴儿中更为明显（OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.10-2.69），并且与胎龄小的风险较高独立相关（SGA; OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.49-1.53）。在特定队列模型中，大麻暴露与SGA之间的关联保持不变（T2的OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.01-2.32， T3的OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.01-2.02）。结论经UDS验证的大麻暴露与LBW和SGA相关。然而，娱乐性大麻的合法化和可获得性对新生儿LBW或SGA的风险没有直接影响。
Abstract Objective This study aimed to study the relationship between prenatal marijuana and infant birth weight using natural cohorts established before, during and after the 20-month lapse between legalization and legal recreational sales in Washington State. Study Design Over 5 years, 5,343 pregnant women with documented urine drug screen (UDS) results delivered at Tacoma General Hospital or Good Samaritan Hospital. Maternal medical data were extracted for three delivery cohorts established based on before (T1), during (T2), and after legalization (T3) of recreational marijuana and legalized availability. Univariate and multivariate models were created to study marijuana exposure on infants' birth weight. Results Marijuana exposure increased the risk of low birth weight (LBW; odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–2.01). This was more pronounced in full-term babies (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.10–2.69), and was independently associated with a higher risk for small for gestational age (SGA; OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.49–1.53). The associations between marijuana exposure and SGA were maintained in cohort-specific models (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.01–2.32 for T2, and OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.01–2.02 for T3, respectively). Conclusion Marijuana exposure verified by UDS was associated with LBW and SGA. However, recreational marijuana legalization and availability did not have direct impact on newborns' risk of LBW or SGA.