Physiological characters and gene mapping of a dwarf and wide-leaf mutantosdwl1in rice (Oryza sativaL.).
Physiological characters and gene mapping of a dwarf and wide-leaf mutantosdwl1in rice (Oryza sativaL.).
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DOI：
10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.92069
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pan, Gang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang, Yan;He, Huan-Huan;Pan, Gang
株高是影响水稻倒伏的重要因素之一。半矮秆水稻品种具有较高的抗倒伏能力，可以减少产量损失，提高籽粒品质。因此，研究水稻矮化形成的分子和生理机制具有重要意义。本研究从60Coγ辐射的紫选1号贮藏系中获得了稳定的遗传性矮化阔叶突变体osdwl1，并对其形态生理特性、细胞学观察、遗传分析和基因图谱进行了研究。田间条件下，突变体osdwl1由于薄壁细胞长度较短，在分蘖期后表现出矮化、宽叶的特征，其穗长和所有节间长度均显着短于成熟期的野生型植株。石蜡切片和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察显示，小维管束（SV）数量和SV之间的距离显着增加，导致inosdwl1叶片变宽。此外，inosdwl1的远轴和近轴表皮上的微毛数量也显着增加。另外，从3-4叶苗期开始，老叶inosdwl1的中上部出现黄化现象。生理分析和透射电镜观察表明，部分叶肉细胞叶绿体层状结构扭曲并开始塌陷，导致抽穗期inosdwl1顶部第二、第三叶总叶绿素含量、净光合速率和Fv/Fm比降低。与野生型相比，突变体叶片中可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性均显着降低，导致H2O2和O2-积累，丙二醛（MDA）含量稳定增加。遗传分析和基因图谱表明，osdwl1由单个隐性核基因控制，该基因位于6号染色体短臂SSR标记RM19297和InDel标记ID269-2之间333 kb的区域。该结果将进一步促进OsDWL1基因的克隆和功能分析。
Plant height is one of the important factors affecting rice lodging. The semi-dwarf rice varieties possess high level of lodging resistance, and could reduce yield loss and improve grain quality. Thus, it is very important to study the molecular and physiological mechanism of dwarf formation in rice. In this study, a stable hereditary dwarf and wider-leaf mutantosdwl1was obtained from60Co gamma-radiatedindicarestore line Zixuan 1, and its morphological and physiological characteristics, cytological observation, genetic analysis and gene mapping were investigated. Under field condition, the mutantosdwl1exhibited dwarf and wider-leaf after the tillering stage due to shorter length of the parenchyma cells, and its panicle length and all internodes length were significantly shorter compared with wild type plants at mature stage. Paraffin sections and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that the number of small vascular (SV) bundles and the distance between SVs increased significantly, resulting in wider-leaf blade inosdwl1. Moreover, the number of microhairs on the abaxial and adaxial epidermis were also increased significantly inosdwl1. In addition, starting at the 3-4 leaf seedling stage, yellowing was visible at the upper middle parts of old leaves inosdwl1. Physiological analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation indicated that the lamellar structure of chloroplast was distorted and began to collapse in some mesophyll cells, which led to the reduction of total chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate andFv/Fmratio of the second and third leaves from top inosdwl1at the heading stage. Relative to the wild type plants, the soluble protein content, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly decreased, which in turn resulting in the accumulation of H2O2and O2-, and a steady increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the mutant leaves. Genetic analysis and gene mapping showed thatosdwl1was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, located in a region of 333 kb between SSR marker RM19297 and the InDel marker ID269-2 on the short arm of chromosome 6. The results would further facilitate the cloning and functional analysis ofOsDWL1gene.