The making of anti-nuclear Scotland: activism, coalition building, energy politics and nationhood, c.1954-2008

The making of anti-nuclear Scotland: activism, coalition building, energy politics and nationhood, c.1954-2008
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苏格兰反核的形成:激进主义、联盟建设、能源政治和国家地位,c.1954-2008

DOI:
10.1080/13619462.2023.2293745
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发表时间:
2024
影响因子:
0.7
通讯作者:
Ross L
Ross L
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ross L

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本文通过研究苏格兰对核能的反对,有助于理解民用核电如何塑造战后英国历史。二十世纪下半叶,悲观的评估对 20 世纪 50 年代形成的乐观主义提出了挑战。在权力下放的情况下,苏格兰政府利用规划政策来阻止未来的核电站,将与英国其他地区的显着区别制度化。这些差异的根源可以追溯到反核抗议和社会运动联盟的发展,该联盟将反核行动与不断增长的公众情绪和选举政治联系起来,特别是通过苏格兰民族党(SNP)。口述历史采访的反思被用来考察不同的当地抗议背景,并辅以反核运动和苏格兰民族党的档案。 20 世纪 70 年代,针对东洛锡安托内斯发电站的抗议活动以及针对南艾尔郡废物处理试验钻孔的抗议活动被苏格兰民族党政客们赋予了全国性的关注。整个 20 世纪 80 年代,反核联盟因反对托内斯和应对切尔诺贝利灾难而不断扩大。这些变化鼓励了支持权力下放和反核情绪之间的持久共生,这种共生随后体现在2000年代权力下放政府所奉行的政策中。
This article contributes to understanding how civil nuclear power shaped post-war British history through studying opposition to nuclear energy in Scotland. Over the second half of the twentieth century, pessimistic assessments challenged the optimism that had developed during the 1950s. Under devolution, Scottish administrations have used planning policies to block future nuclear generating plants, institutionalising a marked distinction with the rest of the UK. The origins of these differences are traced to anti-nuclear protests and the growth of a social movement coalition that linked anti-nuclear activism with growing public sentiment and electoral politics, particularly through the Scottish National Party (SNP). Reflections from oral history interviews are used to examine diverse local protest contexts supplemented by archives from the anti-nuclear movement and the SNP. During the 1970s, protests against Torness power station in East Lothian and the drilling of test bores for waste disposal in South Ayrshire were given a national orientation by SNP politicians. Over the course of the 1980s, the anti-nuclear coalition broadened through growing opposition to Torness and in response to the Chernobyl disaster. These changes encouraged a lasting symbiosis between pro-devolution and anti-nuclear sentiments which were subsequently embodied in policies pursued by devolved administrations during the 2000s.
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