Nuclear energy and nuclear weapon-potential: The case of Japan in the 1960s
Nuclear energy and nuclear weapon-potential: The case of Japan in the 1960s
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核能和核武器潜力：20 世纪 60 年代日本的案例
DOI：
10.1080/10736700.2017.1367536
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Akira Kurosaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
喜多川進;佐藤圭一;水野祥子;北見宏介;伊藤康;西澤栄一郎;小野一;辻信一;Akira Kurosaki
本文分析了20世纪60年代末日本民用核能的发展及其发展核武器的潜力。首先，它考察了日本核裂变材料生产能力的两项技术研究：一项由日本政府赞助，另一项由美国政府赞助。对它们的比较分析表明，日本的研究没有对日本核军备的所有可行措施进行全面调查。从当时的决策结构对日本核能发展的进一步审视可以得出以下论点：(1)日本的民用核计划显然有助于其获得潜在的核武器潜力；(2)日本没有刻意开发潜在的能力，这反映了政治行为者之间缺乏协调；(3)日本在核力量领域对美国的依赖增加，使其在政治上追求核武器变得更加困难。日本的这一案例不仅说明了民用核电的发展、核武器潜力的开发和核武器扩散之间的错综复杂的关系，而且还说明了国家核决策结构对其核态势的影响。
This article analyzes Japan's development of civilian nuclear energy and its potential for developing nuclear weapons in the late 1960s. First, it examines two technological studies of Japan's nuclear fissionable material production capability: one sponsored by the Japanese government and the other sponsored by the US government. A comparative analysis of them reveals that the Japanese study did not investigate the full range of feasible measures toward Japan's nuclear armament. Further scrutiny of Japanese nuclear-energy development in relation to its policy-making structure at that time draws out the following arguments: (1) Japan's civilian nuclear program clearly contributed to its acquisition of a latent nuclear weapon potential; (2) Japan had not deliberately developed the latent capability, which reflected the lack of coordination among political actors; (3) Japan increased its dependence on the United States in the nuclear-power field, making its pursuit of nuclear weapons politically more difficult. This case study of Japan illustrates not only the intricate relationship between the development of civilian nuclear power, the development of nuclear-weapon potential, and the proliferation of nuclear weapons, but also the effects of the state’s nuclear-policy-making structure on its nuclear posture.