The incidence and mortality of major cancers in China, 2012.
The incidence and mortality of major cancers in China, 2012.
复制标题
中国主要癌症的发病率和死亡率，2012年。
DOI：
10.1186/s40880-016-0137-8
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发表时间：
2016-08-02
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen W;Zheng R;Zeng H;Zhang S
国家中央癌症登记处（NCCR）从地方登记处收集了2012年基于人群的癌症登记数据，并估计了中国癌症的发病率和死亡率。 2015年中期，261个癌症登记处提交了2012年新发癌症病例和死亡报告。评估后使用193个登记处的合格数据进行分析。根据2012年全国人口，计算按地区（城乡）、性别、年龄组、癌症类型分层的粗率、病例数和年龄标化率。覆盖人口为198,060,406人，来自193个符合条件的癌症登记处（城市74个，农村119个）。质量控制的主要指标，形态学验证病例百分比（MV%）、仅有死亡证明病例百分比（DCO%）和病死率（M/I）分别为69.13%、2.38%和0.62。据估计，2012年中国癌症新发病例为358.62万人，癌症死亡人数为218.66万人，发病率为264.85/10万[中国标准人群年龄标化发病率为191.89/10万]，死亡率为161.49/10万。 [中国标准人口年龄标准化死亡率（ASRMC）为112.34/10万]。最常见的十个癌症部位是肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、食道、女性乳腺癌、甲状腺、子宫颈、大脑和胰腺，约占所有新发癌症病例的77.4%。癌症死亡前十大原因依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食道癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、女性乳腺癌、脑瘤、白血病和淋巴瘤，占全部癌症死亡的84.5%。连续的癌症登记数据提供了癌症控制计划的基本信息。中国的癌症负担正在逐渐增加，无论是城市还是农村地区，无论是男性还是女性。健康教育、控烟、癌症筛查等有效的癌症防治工作应引起中国卫生部门和全社会的重视。
The National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) collected population-based cancer registration data in 2012 from local registries and estimated the cancer incidence and mortality in China. In the middle of 2015, 261 cancer registries submitted reports on new cancer cases and deaths occurred in 2012. Qualified data from 193 registries were used for analysis after evaluation. Crude rates, number of cases, and age-standardized rates stratified by area (urban/rural), sex, age group, and cancer type were calculated according to the national population in 2012. The covered population were 198,060,406 from 193 qualified cancer registries (74 urban and 119 rural registries). The major indicators of quality control, percentage of cases morphologically verified (MV%), death certificate-only cases (DCO%), and the mortality to incidence (M/I) ratio, were 69.13%, 2.38%, and 0.62, respectively. It was estimated that there were 3,586,200 new cancer cases and 2,186,600 cancer deaths in 2012 in China with an incidence of 264.85/100,000 [age-standardized rate of incidence by the Chinese standard population (ASRIC) of 191.89/100,000] and a mortality of 161.49/100,000 [age-standardized rate of mortality by the Chinese standard population (ASRMC) of 112.34/100,000]. The ten most common cancer sites were the lung, stomach, liver, colorectum, esophagus, female breast, thyroid, cervix, brain, and pancreas, accounting for approximately 77.4% of all new cancer cases. The ten leading causes of cancer death were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, female breast cancer, brain tumor, leukemia, and lymphoma, accounting for 84.5% of all cancer deaths. Continuous cancer registry data provides basic information in cancer control programs. The cancer burden in China is gradually increasing, both in urban and rural areas, in males and females. Efficient cancer prevention and control, such as health education, tobacco control, and cancer screening, should be paid attention by the health sector and the whole society of China.