Dark Silicon Considered Harmful: A Case for Truly Green Computing
Dark Silicon Considered Harmful: A Case for Truly Green Computing
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黑硅被认为是有害的：真正绿色计算的一个案例
DOI：
10.1109/igcc.2018.8752110
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Brunvand;Donald Kline;A. Jones
随着个人和研究人员接近绿色计算的挑战，自然会考虑计算设备及其支持系统在其使用阶段（即，在它们被部署到服务中之后）。然而，计算是真正的绿色，系统生命周期的所有阶段，从制造到处置，必须加以考虑。特别是，人们对计算系统的总生命周期环境影响的相当大一部分的认识有限，这些影响是由这些设备中使用的集成电路（IC）的制造造成的。具有讽刺意味的是，暗硅加速器的趋势通常旨在提高操作能效，但可能会对计算系统的整体节能产生反作用。由大百分比的暗硅导致的增加的芯片面积可能会加剧制造影响，以至于整体可持续性实际上降低。在本文中，我们探讨了制造和运营能源效率的一些属性，并提出了一个案例，真正的绿色计算必须仔细考虑所涉及的权衡。
As individuals and researchers approach the challenge of green computing it is natural to consider the energy consumption of computational devices and their supporting systems during their use phase (i.e., after they are deployed into service). However, for computing to be truly green, all phases of the system life-cycle, from manufacturing to disposal, must be considered. In particular there is limited awareness to the considerable fraction of the total life-cycle environmental impacts of computing systems that result from the fabrication of the integrated circuits (ICs) that are used in those devices. Ironically, the trend toward dark silicon accelerators, often targeted at improving operational energy efficiency, may be counterproductive for holistic energy reduction of computing systems. The increased chip area that results from a large percentage of dark silicon may exacerbate the fabrication impacts to the point that overall sustainability is actually decreased. In this paper, we explore some properties of manufacturing and operational energy efficiency and make a case that truly green computing must carefully consider the tradeoffs involved.