A guide to delineate the logic of neurovascular signaling in the brain.
A guide to delineate the logic of neurovascular signaling in the brain.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnene.2011.00001
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shih, Andy Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kleinfeld, David;Blinder, Pablo;Shih, Andy Y
神经血管系统可以被视为大脑内的分布式神经系统。它将局部神经元活动转化为小动脉和微血管壁平滑肌张力的变化。我们回顾了神经血管耦合的现状，重点是从神经元到邻近血管传递信息的信号分子。在新皮层水平，这种耦合通过以下方式介导：（i）与抑制性神经元的可能直接相互作用，（ii）通过星形胶质细胞与兴奋性神经元的间接相互作用，以及（iii）来自皮层下层的纤维束。大量证据表明，控制涉及促进血管收缩与血管舒张的信号之间的竞争。与此相一致的证据是，在某些情况下，神经元活动的增加会导致血管收缩而不是血管舒张。这混淆了对大脑功能图像的天真解释。我们讨论的实验方法来检测信号分子在体内的目标，制定一个经验的基础上观察到的逻辑神经血管控制。
The neurovascular system may be viewed as a distributed nervous system within the brain. It transforms local neuronal activity into a change in the tone of smooth muscle that lines the walls of arterioles and microvessels. We review the current state of neurovascular coupling, with an emphasis on signaling molecules that convey information from neurons to neighboring vessels. At the level of neocortex, this coupling is mediated by: (i) a likely direct interaction with inhibitory neurons, (ii) indirect interaction, via astrocytes, with excitatory neurons, and (iii) fiber tracts from subcortical layers. Substantial evidence shows that control involves competition between signals that promote vasoconstriction versus vasodilation. Consistent with this picture is evidence that, under certain circumstances, increased neuronal activity can lead to vasoconstriction rather than vasodilation. This confounds naive interpretations of functional brain images. We discuss experimental approaches to detect signaling molecules in vivo with the goal of formulating an empirical basis for the observed logic of neurovascular control.