Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2022
Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2022
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.21731
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发表时间：
2022-06-23
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Siegel, Rebecca L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller, Kimberly D.;Nogueira, Leticia;Siegel, Rebecca L.
由于人口的增长和老龄化以及早期发现和治疗的进步，美国癌症幸存者的数量继续增加。为了帮助公共卫生界更好地为这些人服务，美国癌症协会和国家癌症研究所每三年合作一次，利用来自监测、流行病学和最终结果癌症登记处的发病率和生存数据，来自疾病控制和预防中心国家卫生统计中心的生命统计数据，以及来自美国人口普查局的人口预测，来估计美国的癌症患病率。目前的治疗模式基于国家癌症数据库的信息，按种族列出了最常见的癌症类型，并简要描述了癌症相关和治疗相关的副作用。截至2022年1月1日，有超过1800万美国人（830万男性和970万女性）有癌症病史。最常见的三种癌症是男性的前列腺癌（3,523,230），皮肤黑色素瘤（760,640），结肠和直肠（726,450），女性的乳腺癌（4,055,770），子宫（891,560）和甲状腺（823,800）。超过一半（53%）的幸存者是在过去10年内被诊断出来的，三分之二（67%）的幸存者年龄在65岁或以上。治疗中最大的种族差异之一是直肠癌，41%的一期黑人患者接受直结肠切除术或直结肠切除术，而白人患者的这一比例为66%。黑人非小细胞肺癌患者的手术收获率也明显较低，I-II期为49%，III期为16%，而白人患者分别为55%和22%。在大多数癌症中，黑人患者被诊断为I期疾病的可能性仍然低于白人患者，这一事实加剧了这些治疗差异，其中女性乳腺癌（53%对68%）和子宫内膜（59%对73%）的差异最大。尽管有越来越多的工具可以帮助患者、护理人员和临床医生在癌症生存的各个阶段进行导航，但需要进一步的循证策略和公平获取可用资源，以减轻有色人种社区的差异，并优化对有癌症病史的人的护理。中国癌症杂志。2022;72:000-000。
The number of cancer survivors continues to increase in the United States due to the growth and aging of the population as well as advances in early detection and treatment. To assist the public health community in better serving these individuals, the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute collaborate triennially to estimate cancer prevalence in the United States using incidence and survival data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries, vital statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics, and population projections from the US Census Bureau. Current treatment patterns based on information in the National Cancer Database are presented for the most prevalent cancer types by race, and cancer-related and treatment-related side-effects are also briefly described. More than 18 million Americans (8.3 million males and 9.7 million females) with a history of cancer were alive on January 1, 2022. The 3 most prevalent cancers are prostate (3,523,230), melanoma of the skin (760,640), and colon and rectum (726,450) among males and breast (4,055,770), uterine corpus (891,560), and thyroid (823,800) among females. More than one-half (53%) of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and two-thirds (67%) were aged 65 years or older. One of the largest racial disparities in treatment is for rectal cancer, for which 41% of Black patients with stage I disease receive proctectomy or proctocolectomy compared to 66% of White patients. Surgical receipt is also substantially lower among Black patients with non-small cell lung cancer, 49% for stages I-II and 16% for stage III versus 55% and 22% for White patients, respectively. These treatment disparities are exacerbated by the fact that Black patients continue to be less likely to be diagnosed with stage I disease than White patients for most cancers, with some of the largest disparities for female breast (53% vs 68%) and endometrial (59% vs 73%). Although there are a growing number of tools that can assist patients, caregivers, and clinicians in navigating the various phases of cancer survivorship, further evidence-based strategies and equitable access to available resources are needed to mitigate disparities for communities of color and optimize care for people with a history of cancer. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72:000-000.