Interaction of Bacterial Exotoxins with Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Impact for the Infected Host.
Interaction of Bacterial Exotoxins with Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Impact for the Infected Host.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00402
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Nizet V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Köckritz-Blickwede M;Blodkamp S;Nizet V
自2004年发现以来，中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）已被表征为针对各种病原体的基本宿主先天免疫防御。NET响应于感染和促炎刺激而释放，可以在由DNA、组蛋白和抗微生物肽组成的纤维基质内抑制入侵的病原体。相反，NET释放过度或失调可能会对宿主产生各种有害后果。NET形成和消除之间的良好平衡对于在感染挑战期间维持保护作用是必要的。近年来，许多微生物毒力因子已被证明可以调节NET的形成，从而促进宿主内的定殖或传播。在这篇简短的综述中，我们总结了细菌外毒素与调节NET生产的中性粒细胞相互作用的当代研究，特别关注宿主的后果。了解宿主-病原体在先天免疫细胞外战场中的动态可能为感染性和炎症性疾病提供新的治疗方法。
Since their discovery in 2004, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been characterized as a fundamental host innate immune defense against various pathogens. Released in response to infectious and pro-inflammatory stimuli, NETs can immobilize invading pathogens within a fibrous matrix consisting of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial peptides. Conversely, excessive or dysregulated NET release may hold a variety of detrimental consequences for the host. A fine balance between NET formation and elimination is necessary to sustain a protective effect during infectious challenge. In recent years, a number of microbial virulence factors have been shown to modulate formation of NETs, thereby facilitating colonization or spread within the host. In this mini-review we summarize the contemporary research on the interaction of bacterial exotoxins with neutrophils that modulate NET production, focusing particular attention on consequences for the host. Understanding host–pathogen dynamics in this extracellular battlefield of innate immunity may provide novel therapeutic approaches for infectious and inflammatory disorders.