Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994
Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0800541
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Johnson, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flegal, KM;Carroll, MD;Johnson, CL
目的：采用标准化的国际定义描述美国人群超重和肥胖的患病率和趋势。设计：连续的全国代表性横断面调查，包括全国健康检查调查（NHANES I; 1960-62）和国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES I：1971-1974; NHANES II：1976-1980; NHANES III：1988-94）。根据测量的体重和身高计算体重指数（BMI：kg/m2）。超重和肥胖定义如下：（BMI大于或等于25.0）;肥胖前期（BMI 25.0-29.9），I级肥胖（BMI 30.0-34.9），II级肥胖（BMI 35.0-39.9）和III级肥胖结果：对于年龄在20-74岁的男性和女性，BMI 25.0-29.9的年龄校正患病率随时间的推移显示很少或没有增加（NHES I：30.5%，NHANES I：32.0%，NHANES II：31.5%和NHANES III：32.0%），但肥胖的患病率（BMI大于或等于30.0）显示NHANES II和NHANES III之间的大幅增加（NHES I：12.8%; NHANES I，14.1%; NHANES II，14.5%和NHANES III，22.5%）。所有年龄、性别和种族-族裔群体的趋势大体相似。年龄大于或等于20岁的超重和肥胖（BMI远大于25.0）的粗患病率男性为59.4%，女性为50.7%，总体为54.9%。III类肥胖症（BMI大于或等于40.0）的患病率超过10%的非西班牙裔黑人妇女年龄在40-59岁。结论：1976-80年和1988-94年之间，肥胖症（BMI大于或等于30.0）的患病率显着增加，在美国。这些发现与世界其他地方的趋势一致。使用标准化定义有助于进行国际比较。
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of, and trends in, overweight and obesity in the US population using standardized international definitions.DESIGN: Successive cross-sectional nationally representative surveys, including the National Health Examination Survey (NHES I; 1960-62) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES I: 1971-1974; NHANES II: 1976-1980; NHANES III: 1988-94). Body mass index (BMI: kg/m(2)) was calculated from measured weight and height. Overweight and obesity were defined as follows: Overweight (BMI greater than or equal to 25.0); pre-obese (BMI 25.0-29.9), class I obesity (BMI 30.0-34.9), class II obesity (BMI 35.0-39.9), and class III obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 40.0).RESULTS: For men and women aged 20-74 y, the age-adjusted prevalence of BMI 25.0-29.9 showed little or no increase over time (NHES I: 30.5%, NHANES I: 32.0%, NHANES II: 31.5% and NHANES III: 32.0%) but the prevalence of obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 30.0) showed a large increase between NHANES II and NHANES III (NHES I: 12.8%; NHANES I, 14.1%; NHANES II, 14.5% and NHANES III, 22.5%). Trends were generally similar for all age, gender and race-ethnic groups. The crude prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI much greater than 25.0) for age greater than or equal to 20 y was 59.4% for men, 50.7% for women and 54.9% overall. The prevalence of class III obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 40.0) exceeded 10% for non-Hispanic black women aged 40-59 y.CONCLUSIONS: Between 1976-80 and 1988-94, the prevalence of obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 30.0) increased markedly in the US. These findings are in agreement with trends seen elsewhere in the world. Use of standardized definitions facilitates international comparisons.