Chemical repellency in birds: relationship between chemical structure and avoidance response.
Chemical repellency in birds: relationship between chemical structure and avoidance response.
复制标题
鸟类的化学排斥性：化学结构与回避反应之间的关系。
DOI：
10.1002/jez.1402600306
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mason,JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark,L;Shah,PS;Mason,JR
研究了24种邻氨基苯甲酸酯和苯甲酸衍生物的分子结构与欧洲椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris）饮水行为的关系。驱鸟剂的有效性与碱性、与苯环上的吸电子羧基共振的供电子基团的存在以及与苯环在相同的π云平面中的杂环有关。在本研究中测试的苯甲酸衍生物中，邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、邻氨基苯甲酸乙酯、邻氨基苯甲酸二甲酯和邻氨基苯甲酸芳樟酯以及邻氨基苯甲酸和4-酮苯并三嗪对鸟类具有驱避性。水的消耗量显着减少，相对于控制水平，在浓度低至0.05%（重量/体积）的最佳驱避剂。进一步的统计测试表明，最好的驱虫剂的消费减少是绝对的，与零消费没有显着差异。邻氨基苯甲酸异构体是中等好的驱避剂。生成预测驱避性的模型的能力允许有效地识别和开发生态上无害的、非致命的、分类群特异性驱避剂，以用于在农业和工业应用中保护野生动物。
We examined how molecular structure of 24 anthranilate and benzoic acid derivatives correlated with drinking behavior in European starlingsSturnus vulgaris. The effectiveness of bird repellents was associated with basicity, the presence of an electron‐donating group in resonance with an electron‐withdrawing carboxylic group on a phenyl ring, and a heterocyclic ring in the same pi cloud plane as the phenyl ring. Of the benzoic acid derivatives tested in this study, methyl, ethyl, dimethyl, and linalyl anthranilate as well as anthranilic acid and 4‐ketobenztriazine were repellent to birds. Water consumption was significantly reduced relative to control levels at concentrations as low as 0.05% (weight/volume) for the best repellents. Further statistical tests showed that reduction in consumption for the best repellents was absolute, not significantly different from zero consumption. Anthranilic acid isomers were moderately good repellents. The ability to generate a model predicting repellency allows for the efficient identification and development of ecologically sound, nonlethal, taxa‐specific repellents to be used for the protection of wildlife in agricultural and industrial applications.