Fine-particle pH for Beijing winter haze as inferred from different thermodynamic equilibrium models

Fine-particle pH for Beijing winter haze as inferred from different thermodynamic equilibrium models
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从不同热力学平衡模型推断北京冬季雾霾的细颗粒pH值

DOI:
10.5194/acp-18-7423-2018
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发表时间:
2018-05
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
McElroy M. B.
McElroy M. B.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Song S.J.;Gao M.;Xu W.Q.;Shao J.Y.;Shi G.L.;Wang S.X.;Wang Y.X.;Sun Y.L.;McElroy M. B.

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抽象。pH值是气溶胶粒子的一个重要特性,但很难直接测量。一些研究已经使用热力学模型(即,E-AIM和ISORROPIA)和环境测量。报告的pH值差异很大,从接近0(强酸性)到高达7(中性)。为了理解这种差异的原因,我们使用这些模型计算pH值,并对模型输入和颗粒相态进行了不同的假设。我们发现,较大的差异主要是由于在以前的研究中采用的模型假设的差异。仅使用气溶胶相组成作为输入的计算(即,反向模式)对离子种类的测量误差敏感,推断的pH值呈现双峰分布,峰值在−2和2之间以及7和10之间,这取决于阴离子或阳离子是否过量。使用总(气体加气溶胶相)测量值作为输入的计算(即,正向模式)受这些测量误差的影响要小得多。在未来的研究中,应避免反向模式,而应使用正向模式。在这个和以前的研究中的前向模式计算共同表明,在北方中国冬季雾霾细颗粒物的中等酸性条件(pH值从约4至约5),进一步表明,氨在确定这一属性中起着重要的作用。假设的颗粒相态,无论是稳定的(固体加液体)或亚稳态(只有液体),不会显着影响pH值的预测。在之前的几项研究中(使用标准ISORROPIA模型和稳定状态假设),pH值约为7,这是由于模型中的编码错误造成的,本研究已确定并修复了这些错误。
Abstract. pH is an important property of aerosol particles but is difficult to measure directly. Several studies have estimated the pH values for fine particles in northern China winter haze using thermodynamic models (i.e., E-AIM and ISORROPIA) and ambient measurements. The reported pH values differ widely, ranging from close to 0 (highly acidic) to as high as 7 (neutral). In order to understand the reason for this discrepancy, we calculated pH values using these models with different assumptions with regard to model inputs and particle phase states. We find that the large discrepancy is due primarily to differences in the model assumptions adopted in previous studies. Calculations using only aerosol-phase composition as inputs (i.e., reverse mode) are sensitive to the measurement errors of ionic species, and inferred pH values exhibit a bimodal distribution, with peaks between −2 and 2 and between 7 and 10, depending on whether anions or cations are in excess. Calculations using total (gas plus aerosol phase) measurements as inputs (i.e., forward mode) are affected much less by these measurement errors. In future studies, the reverse mode should be avoided whereas the forward mode should be used. Forward-mode calculations in this and previous studies collectively indicate a moderately acidic condition (pH from about 4 to about 5) for fine particles in northern China winter haze, indicating further that ammonia plays an important role in determining this property. The assumed particle phase state, either stable (solid plus liquid) or metastable (only liquid), does not significantly impact pH predictions. The unrealistic pH values of about 7 in a few previous studies (using the standard ISORROPIA model and stable state assumption) resulted from coding errors in the model, which have been identified and fixed in this study.
DOI: 10.1201/b19395
发表时间: 2015-10
期刊: --
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Box;G. Box
通讯作者: M. Box;G. Box
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2006.07.001
发表时间: 2007-04
影响因子: 5.5
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DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00021
发表时间: 2018-02
期刊: Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.
影响因子: --
作者:
Zhijun Wu;Yu Wang;Tianyi Tan;Yishu Zhu;Mengren Li;Dongjie Shang;Haichao Wang;Keding Lu;Song Guo;Limin Zeng;Yuanhang Zhang
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探究北京冬季严重雾霾:天气天气、区域交通和异质反应的影响
DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-2969-2015
发表时间: 2015-03
影响因子: 6.3
作者:
Zheng G. J.;Duan F. K.;Su H.;Ma Y. L.;Cheng Y.;Zheng B.;Zhang Q.;Huang T.;Kimoto T.;Chang D.;Poeschl U.;Cheng Y. F.;He K. B.
通讯作者: He K. B.
DOI: 10.1021/es061812j.s001
发表时间: 2007
期刊: --
影响因子: --
作者:
Q. I Z H A N G;E. L. J I M E N E Z-E.-L.-J-I-M-E-N-E-Z-2082909205;D. O U G L A;S. R. W. O R S N O P, § A N D M A N J U L A C A N A G A R A-S.-R.-W.-O-R-S-N-O-P,-§-A-N-D-M-A-N-J-U-L-A-C-A-N-A-2096364242
通讯作者: Q. I Z H A N G;E. L. J I M E N E Z-E.-L.-J-I-M-E-N-E-Z-2082909205;D. O U G L A;S. R. W. O R S N O P, § A N D M A N J U L A C A N A G A R A-S.-R.-W.-O-R-S-N-O-P,-§-A-N-D-M-A-N-J-U-L-A-C-A-N-A-2096364242