Comparison of the Filter Efficiency of Medical Nonwoven Fabrics against Three Different Microbe Aerosols
Comparison of the Filter Efficiency of Medical Nonwoven Fabrics against Three Different Microbe Aerosols
复制标题
DOI：
10.4265/bio.23.61
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Shinohara, Katsuaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimasaki, Noriko;Okaue, Akira;Shinohara, Katsuaki
对外科口罩和生物危害防护服材料抵抗病原体的性能进行准确评估非常重要，因为它可以提供有用的信息，供医护人员选择合适的材料以降低感染风险。目前，为了评估用于外科口罩的非织造织物对病毒气溶胶的防护性能，广泛使用使用phi-X174噬菌体气溶胶的非标准化测试方法，因为实际呼吸道病毒在测试期间会造成感染风险，而噬菌体对人类是安全的病毒。这种使用噬菌体的方法简单地修改了使用金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）评估过滤器对细菌气溶胶的性能的标准方法，金黄色葡萄球菌比病毒颗粒大。然而，有必要根据实际病原体颗粒的大小进行这种评估。因此，我们开发了一种新的方法，其可以使用灭活的病毒颗粒安全地进行，并且可以通过抗原捕获ELISA定量气溶胶中的流感病毒（Shimasaki et al.，2016年a）。在这项研究中，我们使用了三种不同的微生物气溶胶的phi-X174噬菌体，流感病毒，和S。金黄色葡萄球菌，并通过捕获两种医用非织造织物的微生物气溶胶来测试过滤效率。我们将过滤器效率与每种空气微生物进行了比较，以分析过滤器效率对微生物粒径的依赖性。结果表明，两种无纺布对3种球形微生物颗粒的过滤效率最低，对phi-X174病毒颗粒的过滤效率最高。实验结果与理论计算基本一致。我们得出结论，使用phi-X174噬菌体气溶胶的过滤效率测试可能高估了具有过滤结构的非织造织物的保护性能，而不是针对真实的病原体，如流感病毒。
Exact evaluation of the performance of surgical masks and biohazard protective clothing materials against pathogens is important because it can provide helpful information that healthcare workers can use to select suitable materials to reduce infection risk. Currently, to evaluate the protective performance of nonwoven fabrics used in surgical masks against viral aerosols, a non-standardized test method using phi-X174 phage aerosols is widely performed because actual respiratory viruses pose an infection risk during testing and the phage is a safe virus to humans. This method of using a phage is simply modified from a standard method for evaluation of filter performance against bacterial aerosols using Staphylococcus aureus, which is larger than virus particles. However, it is necessary to perform such evaluations based on the size of the actual pathogen particles. Thus, we developed a new method that can be performed safely using inactivated viral particles and can quantitate the influenza virus in aerosols by antigen-capture ELISA (Shimasaki et al., 2016a). In this study, we used three different microbial aerosols of phi-X174 phage, influenza virus, and S. aureus and tested the filter efficiency by capturing microbial aerosols for two medical nonwoven fabrics. We compared the filter efficiency against each airborne microbe to analyze the dependency of filter efficiency on the microbial particle size. Our results showed that against the three types of spherical microbe particles, the filter efficiencies against influenza virus particles were the lowest and those against phi-X174 phages were the highest for both types of nonwoven fabrics. The experimental results mostly corresponded with theoretical calculations. We conclude that the filter efficiency test using the phi-X174 phage aerosol may overestimate the protective performance of nonwoven fabrics with filter structure compared to that against real pathogens such as the influenza virus.