Perceived barriers and facilitators to participation in physical activity during the school lunch break for girls aged 12-13 years
Perceived barriers and facilitators to participation in physical activity during the school lunch break for girls aged 12-13 years
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DOI：
10.1177/1356336x14567545
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Mehta, Kaye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watson, Amanda;Eliott, Jaklin;Mehta, Kaye
鉴于超重和肥胖对健康的短期和长期影响，以及超重或肥胖持续到成年的可能性，解决儿童超重和肥胖的原因是一个重大的公共卫生问题。超重和肥胖的一个根本原因是体力活动不足。卫生和老年部建议儿童每天至少进行60分钟的中等到剧烈的体力活动；然而，随着年龄的增长，这些建议得到满足的频率较低，女孩比男孩更少满足这些建议。学校午餐时间被确定为最大限度地增加儿童体力活动(PA)的理想时间，但研究表明，在这段时间里，儿童的PA水平各不相同，研究表明，在学校午餐时间，女孩一直比男孩更不活跃。了解这段时间对女孩参与PA的影响可能有助于提高这一人群的PA水平。样本中包括南澳大利亚州的两所学校，一所政府学校和一所独立学校。进行了四个焦点小组(每组三到四名参与者，共13名参与者)，重点关注女孩在午休期间对PA的看法。使用社会建构主义框架和专题内容分析对成绩单和实地笔记进行了分析。期望参与性别相称的活动、成熟和欺凌/戏弄被确定为参与午餐时间游戏的明确障碍。其他重要障碍包括女生的校服和能力不足的感觉。重新谈判性别刻板印象的能力，中性校服，以及人们认为的高能力是午餐时间PA的重要促进者。在许多年轻的青春期女孩中，午餐时间较少可能是由于许多复杂的社会因素造成的。因此，在任何环境干预措施可能有效之前，可能需要解决这些障碍。
Given the short- and long-term health implications associated with overweight and obesity plus the likelihood of overweight or obesity to continue into adulthood, addressing the causes of overweight and obesity in childhood is a significant public health concern. One underlying cause of overweight and obesity is insufficient physical activity. The Department of Health and Aging recommends children engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day; however, these recommendations are met less frequently with increasing age, and girls less often meet these recommendations than boys. School lunch times have been identified as an ideal time for maximizing children's physical activity (PA), but studies have shown variable levels of PA among children during this time and research indicates that during school lunch times, girls are consistently less active than boys. Understanding influences on girls' participation in PA during this time may help to increase levels of PA for this demographic. Two South Australian schools, one government and one independent, were included in the sample. Four focus groups (three or four participants per group: total 13 participants) focusing on girls' perceptions of PA during the lunch break were conducted. Transcripts and field notes were analyzed using a social constructionist framework and thematic content analysis. The expectation to participate in activities considered gender appropriate, maturation, and bullying/teasing were identified as explicit barriers to participation in lunch time play. Other important barriers included a girls' school uniform and feelings of inadequate competency. The ability to renegotiate gender stereotypes, a unisex school uniform, and perceived high competency were important facilitators of lunch time PA. Low levels of lunch time PA evident in many young adolescent girls may be due to many complex social factors. Therefore, these barriers may need to be addressed before any environmental interventions are likely to be effective.