Petroleum-free extraction of oil from soybeans with supercritical CO2
Petroleum-free extraction of oil from soybeans with supercritical CO2
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02662228
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发表时间：
1982-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Friedrich;G. List;A. J. Heakin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Friedrich;G. List;A. J. Heakin
用超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)在3,000~10,000 psig和50℃的压力下可以很容易地提取全脂豆片。在这种条件下，SC-CO2具有液体的密度和气体的扩散系数。因此，在允许高气体流量的短路间歇萃取器中很容易实现平衡溶解度。用超临界二氧化碳提取的大豆油颜色更浅，含铁量更少，磷含量约为从相同豆子中提取正己烷的原油的十分之一。较低的磷含量反映在层析精炼损失0.6%，而己烷原油为1.9%。从正己烷和超临界二氧化碳中提取的精制油在最初和在60℃下储存4天后具有相同的气味和风味分数。二氧化碳是提取食品的理想溶剂，成本低，易于从发酵过程中获得，每年可以释放2000多万加仑昂贵的己烷用于基本能源用途。
Full-fat soyflakes are readily extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) at pressures of 3,000~10,000 psig and 50 C. Under these conditions, SC-CO2has the density of a liquid and the diffusivity of a gas. Therefore, equilibrium solubility is readily achieved in a short-path batch extractor which permits high gas flow rates. Soybean oil extracted with SC-CO2is lighter in color and contains less iron and about one-tenth the phosphorus of hexane-extracted crude oil from the same beans. The lower phosphorus content is reflected in a chromatographic refining loss of 0.6% compared to 1.9% for hexane crude. Refined oils from hexane and SC-CO2extraction had equivalent odor and flavor scores initially and after 4 days' storage at 60 C. Carbon dioxide, an ideal solvent for extraction of food products, is low-cost and readily available from fermentation processes and could free over 20 million gallons of costly hexane per year for essential energy uses.