Rapamycin is neuroprotective in a rat chronic hypertensive glaucoma model.

Rapamycin is neuroprotective in a rat chronic hypertensive glaucoma model.
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雷帕霉素对大鼠慢性高血压青光眼模型具有神经保护作用

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0099719
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Zhuo Y
Zhuo Y
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Su W;Li Z;Jia Y;Zhuo Y

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青光眼是导致不可逆失明的主要原因。视网膜神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cells,RGC)的损伤是青光眼视力损害的主要原因。在这里,我们报告了雷帕霉素在实验性青光眼模型中保护RGCs免于死亡及其潜在机制。我们的研究结果表明,在大鼠慢性高眼压模型中,雷帕霉素治疗显著促进RGCs存活。这种保护作用似乎可归因于抑制神经毒性介质释放和/或直接抑制RGC凋亡。在体外实验中,雷帕霉素通过调节NF-κB信号通路,显著抑制BV 2小胶质细胞NO、TNF-α的产生。在实验动物中,雷帕霉素治疗也显着抑制了小胶质细胞的激活。在原代RGCs中,雷帕霉素能够直接抑制谷氨酸诱导的原代RGCs凋亡。从机制上讲,雷帕霉素介导的RGCs凋亡抑制是通过在细胞和动物模型中保留Akt磷酸化来维持其存活促进活性的关键位点。这些结果表明,雷帕霉素对实验性青光眼具有神经保护作用,可能是通过减少神经毒性物质的释放和直接抑制RGCs的凋亡。
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Injury of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) accounts for visual impairment of glaucoma. Here, we report rapamycin protects RGCs from death in experimental glaucoma model and the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that treatment with rapamycin dramatically promote RGCs survival in a rat chronic ocular hypertension model. This protective action appears to be attributable to inhibition of neurotoxic mediators release and/or direct suppression of RGC apoptosis. In support of this mechanism, in vitro, rapamycin significantly inhibits the production of NO, TNF-α in BV2 microglials by modulating NF-κB signaling. In experimental animals, treatment with rapamycin also dramatically inhibited the activation of microglials. In primary RGCs, rapamycin was capable of direct suppression the apoptosis of primary RGCs induced by glutamate. Mechanistically, rapamycin-mediated suppression of RGCs apoptosis is by sparing phosphorylation of Akt at a site critical for maintenance of its survival-promoting activity in cell and animal model. These results demonstrate that rapamycin is neuroprotective in experimental glaucoma, possibly via decreasing neurotoxic releasing and suppressing directly apoptosis of RGCs.
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