Basal ganglia motor control. I. Nonexclusive relation of pallidal discharge to five movement modes.
Basal ganglia motor control. I. Nonexclusive relation of pallidal discharge to five movement modes.
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1991.65.2.273
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发表时间：
1991-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
J. Mink;W. T. Thach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Mink;W. T. Thach
1.为了评估各种假设，基底神经节优先控制一种模式的运动，排除其他人，我们记录了在苍白球（GP）在恒河猴在其性能的五个训练有素的手腕运动任务的单个神经元的放电。这些任务被设计成分离几种运动模式和参数，以观察苍白球神经元是否会相对于其中一种而不是其他模式放电。所有任务均通过在相反或辅助扭矩载荷（0.2 Nm）下弯曲和伸展手腕来执行。这五个任务包括1）VisStep，一个视觉提示的步跟踪任务; 2）VisRamp，一个视觉引导的保持-斜坡-保持跟踪任务; 3）VisSine，一个视觉引导的快速正弦跟踪任务; 4）SelfRamp，一个自定步调的保持-斜坡-保持任务，具有延迟交替、训练的速度，并且没有手腕位置的视觉反馈;以及5）SelfSine，一种没有手腕位置的视觉反馈的自定步调的快速正弦运动。手腕的位置和速度进行了监测，在所有的录音和手腕，手臂，肩膀，背部肌电图（EMG）进行了定期监测。从GP的两个节段的细胞外记录单位放电。本分析中的结果相似，并一起考虑。作为对照，还记录了小脑外侧齿状核的单位，并记录了四肢、颈部和躯干的许多肌肉的肌电图。2.对于100个GP神经元[41个在内部段（GPi）和59个在外部段（GPe）]，其活动随着任务表现而变化，放电模式在任务之间变化很大。96/97个神经元（99%）的放电在VisStep期间发生变化，66/91个神经元（73%）在VisRamp期间发生变化，41/81个神经元（51%）在VisSine期间发生变化，7/34个神经元（21%）在SelfRamp期间发生变化，25/80个神经元（31%）在SelfSine期间发生变化。在74个神经元中，有16个（21%）只与一项任务相关;只有17个（23%）与所有任务相关;对于其余41个（55%）神经元，给定神经元的放电与一项任务的关系并不能预测其与其他任务的关系。苍白球神经元放电的这些任务依赖性差异与手腕位置、速度、负荷或肌肉活动的差异无关（另见以下论文-Mink和Thach，1991 a）。3.从这些数据中，我们得出结论，没有一个任务从事所有苍白球神经元排除其他任务。（400字处截断摘要）
1. To evaluate the various hypotheses that the basal ganglia preferentially control one mode of movement to the exclusion of others, we recorded the discharge of single neurons in the globus pallidus (GP) in rhesus monkeys during their performance of five trained wrist-movement tasks. The tasks were designed to dissociate several modes and parameters of movement to see whether pallidal neurons would discharge in relation to one and not the others. All tasks were performed by flexing and extending the wrist with opposing or assisting torque loads (0.2 Nm). The five tasks included 1) VisStep, a visually cued step tracking task; 2) VisRamp, a visually guided hold-ramp-hold tracking task; 3) VisSine, a visually guided rapid sinusoidal tracking task; 4) SelfRamp, a self-paced hold-ramp-hold task with delayed alternation, trained velocity, and no visual feedback of wrist position; and 5) SelfSine, a self-paced rapid sinusoidal movement without visual feedback of wrist position. Wrist position and velocity were monitored during all recordings; and wrist, arm, shoulder, and back electromyographs (EMGs) were monitored periodically. Unit discharge was recorded extracellularly from both segments of the GP. The results were similar in the present analysis and are considered together. As a control, units were also recorded in the dentate nucleus of the lateral cerebellum, and the EMGs of many muscles were recorded in limbs, neck and trunk. 2. For 100 GP neurons [41 in the internal segment (GPi) and 59 in the external segment (GPe)], the activity of which changed with task performance, the discharge patterns varied greatly across tasks. The discharge of 96/97 neurons (99%) changed during VisStep, 66/91 neurons (73%) changed during VisRamp, 41/81 neurons (51%) changed during VisSine, 7/34 neurons (21%) changed during SelfRamp, and 25/80 neurons (31%) changed during SelfSine. Of 74 neurons that were fully tested in four or more tasks, 16 (21%) were related only to one task; only 17 cells (23%) were related to all tasks; and, for the remaining 41 (55%) neurons, the relation of the discharge of a given neuron to one task did not predict its relation to other tasks. These task-dependent differences in the discharge of pallidal neurons were not correlated with differences in wrist position, velocity, load, or muscle activity (see also the following paper--Mink and Thach, 1991a). 3. From these data, we conclude that no one task engaged all pallidal neurons to the exclusion of other tasks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)