EVOKED-POTENTIALS IN CENTRAL AUDITORY SYSTEM OF ALERT PORPOISES TO THEIR OWN AND ARTIFICIAL SOUNDS
EVOKED-POTENTIALS IN CENTRAL AUDITORY SYSTEM OF ALERT PORPOISES TO THEIR OWN AND ARTIFICIAL SOUNDS
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DOI：
10.1002/neu.480030107
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发表时间：
1972-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
RIDGWAY, SH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BULLOCK, TH;RIDGWAY, SH
1.报道了一系列8个实验，其中一个轴上7个或7个以上的电极阵列被立体定位地植入树干大斑羚体内。1~3个电极位于下丘或外侧丘系内或附近。2.在130个电极中，共有39个电极对适当的声刺激有反应。其中9个位于天幕上方，30个位于中脑腹侧被盖上方。3.典型的中脑诱发电位专门用于超声波、超短、快速上升、紧密间隔的声音，如回声定位滴答声。它的潜伏期短，主偏转小于1ms宽。当频率低于5 kHz或上升时间大于5ms时，无诱发电位。在几个脑部位发现不同的反应：潜伏期长，持续时间长，频率低于5 kHz时诱发的电位恢复缓慢，无论是快上升还是慢上升。大脑“哨声”敏感部位可能在后外侧的颞叶皮质。5.在天幕水平附近的少数部位，可能是下丘的吻侧和外侧，产生中等或混合的反应，具有前两种类型的某些特征。6.对埋植的合作江豚进行训练，使其发出一系列回声定位类型的短声。这些诱发电位就像是人工音调爆发的诱发电位。通常情况下，最高强度的自发滴答声会产生相当温和的电位，而较弱的滴答声会产生最大电位。7.人工回声在江豚自身的点击后表现出比在同等唤起能力的人工条件音爆发后更快的恢复。8.事实证明，以合理的精度放置电极，将计算机化的电生理分析与训练的行为相结合，并在江豚体内保持至少一个月的慢性植入是可行的。强调了技术改进的机会。
1.A series of 8 experiments is reported in which arrays of 7 or more electrodes on an axis were implanted stereotaxically in Tursiops truncatus. From 1 to 3 of the electrodes were in or near the inferior colliculus or lateral lemniscus.2.A total of 39 electrodes out of 130 proved to be responsive to suitable acoustic stimuli. Nine of these lay above the tentorium, 30 in the midbrain above the ventral tegmentum.3.The typical midbrain evoked potential is specialized for ultrasonic, ultrabrief, fast rising, closely spaced sounds like the echolocating clicks. It has a short latency and the main deflection is less than 1 ms wide. No potential is evoked if the frequency is below 5 kHz or the rise time above 5 ms.4.At several cerebral loci a different response was found: long latency, long duration, slowly recovering potentials evoked by frequencies below 5 kHz whether fast or slowly rising. The cerebral “whistle” sensitive loci are probably in the posterolateral temporal cortex.5.A few loci at about the tentorial level, probably rostral and lateral to the inferior colliculus gave intermediate or mixed response with some features of each of the previous 2 types.6.Implanted, cooperating porpoises were trained to give series of clicks of echolocating types. These evoked potentials like those to artificial tone bursts. Often the highest intensity voluntary clicks evoked quite modest potentials and a much weaker form of click gave maximal potentials. Important differences in click composition are inferred.7.Artificial echoes show more rapid recovery following the porpoise’s own click than following an artificial conditioning tone burst of equal evoking power.8.It has proven practicable to place electrodes with reasonable accuracy, to combine computerized electrophysiological analysis with trained behavior and to maintain chronic implants for at least a month in porpoises. Opportunities for improvements in technique are emphasized.