Infrared Surveys of Hawaiian Volcanoes
Infrared Surveys of Hawaiian Volcanoes
复制标题
夏威夷火山的红外勘测
DOI：
10.1126/science.146.3645.733
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发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
G. Landis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Fisher;R. M. Moxham;F. Polcyn;G. Landis
基拉韦厄火山的航空红外传感器测量描绘了该火山火山口区域及其相关裂谷带异常热特征的面积范围和相对强度。许多这些异常显示了与可见蒸汽的相关性，并反映了地下热源向地表的热量对流传递。火山的结构细节，有些从地面观测不明显，也由其热异常描绘。在研究期间，观察到红外发射模式发生了一些变化；两个这样的变化显示了位置与随后的喷发的相关性，但是因果关系是不确定的。在莫纳罗亚火山西南侧也观察到热异常；夏威夷岛上的其他火山和毛伊岛的哈雷阿卡拉火山的图像没有显示出热异常。大约有25个大的泉水流入夏威夷周边的海洋。红外发射随表面结构和组成的变化很大，这表明类似的观测可能对估计月球或行星的表面状况有价值。
Aerial infrared-sensor surveys of Kilauea volcano have depicted the areal extent and the relative intensity of abnormal thermal features in the caldera area of the volcano and along its associated rift zones. Many of these anomalies show correlation with visible steaming and reflect convective transfer of heat to the surface from subterranean sources. Structural details of the volcano, some not evident from surface observation, are also delineated by their thermal abnormalities. Several changes were observed in the patterns of infrared emission during the period of study; two such changes show correlation in location with subsequent eruptions, but the cause-and-effect relationship is uncertain. Thermal anomalies were also observed on the southwest flank of Mauna Loa; images of other volcanoes on the island of Hawaii, and of Haleakala on the island of Maui, revealed no thermal abnormalities. Approximately 25 large springs issuing into the ocean around the periphery of Hawaii have been detected. Infrared emission varies widely with surface texture and composition, suggesting that similar observations may have value for estimating surface conditions on the moon or planets.