Evolving complexity: how tinkering shapes cells, software and ecological networks
Evolving complexity: how tinkering shapes cells, software and ecological networks
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不断变化的复杂性：修补如何塑造细胞、软件和生态网络
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2019.0325
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Valverde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Solé;S. Valverde
复杂系统的一个共同特征是它们可以通过相互作用的部分的网络来表示。事实上，网络组织（而不是部件）在很大程度上制约着大多数更高层次的属性，这些属性不能简化为单个部件的属性。这些网络的拓扑结构能否提供一些关于它们进化起源的信息？生物网络和人工网络都有一些共同的结构特征。它们往往是异质和稀疏的，大多数表现出不同类型的相关性，如嵌套，模块化或层次模式。这些特性通常被归因于功能上有意义的性状的选择。然而，生成网络模型的适当表述表明了一个相当不同的画面。与标准的选择优化论点相反，一些网络揭示了重用导致的复杂模式的不可避免的生成，并且可以使用缺乏功能的复制重新布线规则进行建模。这些导致了所观察到的异构、无标度和模块化架构。在这里，我们研究的证据修补在细胞，技术和生态网络及其影响，在塑造他们的架构。我们的分析表明，作为网络拓扑结构的起源选择所发挥的作用进行了认真的考虑。相反，我们认为，与重用相关的放大过程可能会在拓扑水平上塑造这些图。在生物系统中，选择力会利用涌现模式。这篇文章是“统一生物网络的基本概念：生物学见解和哲学基础”主题的一部分。
A common trait of complex systems is that they can be represented by means of a network of interacting parts. It is, in fact, the network organization (more than the parts) that largely conditions most higher-level properties, which are not reducible to the properties of the individual parts. Can the topological organization of these webs provide some insight into their evolutionary origins? Both biological and artificial networks share some common architectural traits. They are often heterogeneous and sparse, and most exhibit different types of correlations, such as nestedness, modularity or hierarchical patterns. These properties have often been attributed to the selection of functionally meaningful traits. However, a proper formulation of generative network models suggests a rather different picture. Against the standard selection–optimization argument, some networks reveal the inevitable generation of complex patterns resulting from reuse and can be modelled using duplication–rewiring rules lacking functionality. These give rise to the observed heterogeneous, scale-free and modular architectures. Here, we examine the evidence for tinkering in cellular, technological and ecological webs and its impact in shaping their architecture. Our analysis suggests a serious consideration of the role played by selection as the origin of network topology. Instead, we suggest that the amplification processes associated with reuse might shape these graphs at the topological level. In biological systems, selection forces would take advantage of emergent patterns. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Unifying the essential concepts of biological networks: biological insights and philosophical foundations’.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0409515102
发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Middendorf, M;Ziv, E;Wiggins, CH
通讯作者：
Wiggins, CH
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Camacho, J;Guimerá, R;Amaral, LAN
通讯作者：
Amaral, LAN
影响因子：
2
作者：
KAUFFMAN, SA;JOHNSEN, S
通讯作者：
JOHNSEN, S
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Camacho, J;Guimerà, R;Amaral, LAN
通讯作者：
Amaral, LAN